Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Kinetic investigations of the sulfite addition on flavanols

Kinetic investigations of the sulfite addition on flavanols

Abstract

Sulfonated monomeric and dimeric flavan-3-ols are recently discovered in wine and proved to have great importance in understanding wine chemistry and quality [1, 2]. Since the mechanism of their formation is still unknown, the aim of this work was to investigate the behaviour of wine monomeric and oligomeric and polymeric flavanols in the presence of SO2, through the evaluation of the kinetic parameters of the monomeric and dimeric flavanols sulfonation at the wine pH.The experimental design considered two different pH (3 and 4) and at five different temperature values (23, 30, 40, 50 and 60 oC), in order to study the reaction products obtained by SO2 addition to both monomeric (epicatechin and catechin) and dimeric flavanols (procyanidin B2 and procyanidin B3). The quantitative measurements were carried out by using a UHPLC-QTOF-MS instrument. The results demonstrated that [3]:a) the major sulfonation route that leads quickly and in good yields to monomeric 4β-sulfonated derivatives passes through the acid-catalysed depolymerisation of proanthocyanidins; b) monomeric flavanols lead with a significantly slower process to the same 4β-sulfonated products; c) kinetic data in our hands, in particular the temperature dependence of the observed rates, suggest the involvement of two completely different reaction mechanisms for the SO2 addition to dimeric and monomeric flavanol substrates; d) the direct sulfonation of epicatechin is slightly faster with respect to catechin.In conclusion, this new knowledge provides essential information in order to better understand tannin chemistry in food and predict or model the chemical/sensorial behaviour of wine or other food rich in proanthocyanidins.

DOI:

Publication date: September 10, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Panagiotis Arapitsas 1, Federico BONALDO 2, Fulvio MATTIVI 2, Graziano GUELLA 2

1 Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy.
2 University of Trento, Trento, Italy.

Contact the author

Keywords

proanthocyanidins; tannins; sulfonation

Citation

Related articles…

FACTORS AFFECTING QUERCETIN SOLUBILITY IN SANGIOVESE RED WINE: FIRST RESULTS

Quercetin (Q) is present in grape in form of glycosides and as aglycone. These compounds are extracted from grape skins during winemaking. In wines, following the hydrolysis reactions, the amount of quercetin aglycon can exceed its solubility value. Unfortunately, a threshold solubility concentration for quercetin in wine is not easy to determine because it depends on wine matrix (Gambuti et al., 2020).

Successful technology transfer of the early defoliation technique in cv. Mandó, an autochthon variety from south-east Spain

In the old-world viticulture autochthonous varieties are an important inheritance because they can provide wines with authenticity and distinction. Cultivar Mandó is an almost extinguished variety from the south-east

How to resolve the lack acidity in wines by better understanding of the adequation of grape varietal-terroir: Negrette grape in the terroir of Côtes du Frontonnais

Le manque d’acidité des vins est un sujet préoccupant dans de nombreux vignobles car l’acidité est un facteur déterminant de la qualité des vins, en liaison avec la nutrition minérale de la vigne.

Methodological advances in relating deep root activity to whole vine physiology

Full understanding of grapevine responses to variable soil resources requires
assessing the grapevine root system. Grapevine root systems are expansive and examining deep roots (i.e., >40 cm)
is particularly important in conditions where grapevines increase reliance on deep soil resources, such as drought
or plant competition. Traditional methods of assessing roots rely on morphological traits associated specific
functions (e.g., root color, diameter, length), while recent methodological advances allow for estimating root
function more directly (e.g., omics). Yet, the potential of applying refined methods remains underexplored for roots
at deep depths.

Development of the geographic indication vale do São Francisco for tropical wines in Brazil

Aim: Geographical Indications-GI are commonly used to protect territorial products around the world, such as cheese and wine. This qualification is useful because it improves the producer’s organization, protects and valorizes the distinct origin and quality of the product, increases recognition and notoriety, and adds value for products. Tropical wines are mainly produced in Brazil, India,