Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Chemical diversity of 'special' wine styles: fortified wines, passito style, botrytized and ice wines, orange wines, sparkling wines 9 Determination of target compounds in cava quality using liquid chromatography. Application of chemometric tools in data analysis

Determination of target compounds in cava quality using liquid chromatography. Application of chemometric tools in data analysis

Abstract

According to the Protected Designation of Origin (PDO), Cava is protected in the quality sparkling wines made by the traditional Champenoise method were the wine realize a second fermentation inside the own bottle1. Geographical and human peculiarities of each bottle are the main way for the final quality2. The aim of this study is to find correlations and which target compounds are the most representative of the quality of two different grape varieties, Pinot Noir and Xarel·lo. The quality of these two types of grapes is being studied for each variety by a previous classification of the vineyard made by the company who provided the samples (qualities A,B,C,D, being A the better one and D the worst one). The target compounds studied are organic acids and polyphenols. The methodology for the determination of organic acids is HPLC-UV/vis and for some of them the enzymatic methodology. For polyphenols is HPLC-UV/vis. Samples of musts, monovarietal wines, stabilized blended wines and cavas with 3 and 7 months of second fermentation are being studied. Data will be treated using boxplots to see the predominant compounds and chemometric tools such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to establish correlations and Partial Least Squares (PLS) for predictions between samples. By the moment, results in Pinot Noir grape variety shown that quality A present high levels of tartaric, malic, citric and succinic acids in musts and wines and there is observed a decrease in citric acid and an increase of succinic acid during the second fermentation. The results of Xarel·lo grape variety shown lower levels of tartaric acid than in Pinot Noir grape variety. Nevertheless, quality A present high amounts of this acid. Qualities A and B present similar levels of malic acid but in quality A slightly higher. For citric acid no noticeable changes are observed from must to cava of 7 month. Quality A present higher levels of succinic acid. Lower values of malic acid and higher values of lactic acid are observed in qualities C and D, due to, the malolactic fermentation in both varieties and there is observed a decrease of tartaric acid from wines to cavas, due to, the tartaric stabilization. In conclusion, malic and tartaric acids are the most important compounds in the quality of cavas. This involves that the futures cavas will be able to age more time.

DOI:

Publication date: September 16, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Anaïs Izquierdo Llopart 

Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Javier, SAURINA, Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.

Contact the author

Keywords

cava, wine quality, grape varieties, pinot noir, xarel·lo, vineyards, second fermentation, malolactic fermentation, organic acids, polyphenols, hplc, chemometric tools

Citation

Related articles…

Development of a new lab-scale carbonation method for applications to sparkling wines

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the gaseous species responsible for the sparkle in all sparkling wines, influencing their
visual appearance, aromas and mouthfeel.

Read More

First insights on the intra-species diversity in V. berlandieri: environmental adaptation and agronomic performances when used as rootstock

In grafted plants, such as grapevine, increasing the diversity of rootstocks available to growers is an ideal strategy to get adaptation to climate change. The rootstocks used for grapevine are hybrids of various American Vitis, including V. berlandieri. The rootstocks currently used in vineyards are derived from breeding programs involving very small numbers of parental individuals.

Read More

Application of plant growth regulators on Vitis vinifera L var. Mouchtaro affect berry quality characteristics & associated microbial communities

The phenolic profile of the red grapevine varieties berries is a key quality factor and several techniques have been applied to improve it (Perez-Lamela et al., 2007; Singh SK and Sharma, 2010). The last decade the application of resistance elicitors and phytohormones is an innovative viticultural technique (Paladines-Quezada et al., 2021; Alenazi et al., 2019).In the present study, leaves and berries of a Greek red indigenous variety (Mouhtaro) sprayed with two elicitors, benzothiadiazole and chitosan and a plant hormone abscisic acid, during veraison.

Read More

Extreme canopy management for vineyard adaptation to climate change: is it a good idea?

Climate change constitutes an enormous challenge for humankind and for all human activities, viticulture not being an exception. Long-term strategic changes are probably needed the most, but growers also need to deal with short-term changes: summers that are getting progressively warmer, earlier harvest dates and higher pH in musts and wines. In the last 10-15 years, a relevant corpus of research is being developed worldwide in order to evaluate to which extent extreme canopy management operations, aimed at reducing leaf area and, thus, limiting the source to sink ratio, could be useful to delay ripening. Although extreme canopy management can result in relevant delays in harvest dates, longer term studies, as well as detailed analysis of their implications on carbohydrate reserves, bud fertility and future yield are desirable before these practices can be recommended.

Read More

Le réseau français des partenaires de la sélection vigne : un dispositif unique au monde au service de la sauvegarde du patrimoine variétal

The French vine selection partners network is currently made up of 40 regional partners, grouped around IFV (French Institute for Vine and Wine) and INRAE (national research institute for agriculture and environment), whose missions are preservation, selection, and innovation of our varietal diversity. The originality of this device is based on a 3-level organisation: – varietal diversity preservation, with the world reference: the INRAE’s vine genetics resources centre of Vassal-Montpellier (Marseillan, France), the world’s largest ampelographic collection, which includes nearly 6 000 accessions of cultivated Vitis vinifera from 54 countries, as well as rootstocks, interspecific hybrids, wild vines (lambrusques) and wild American and Asian species.

Read More