Effects of mesoclimate on the yield, quality and phenolic maturity of Grenache

Abstract

The potential climate change, due to global change, will increase temperature general and could increase at local level. These changes are not going to be the same in different parts of the world, being especially important in the Mediterranean Basin. Thus, according to the most pessimistic predictions temperature can rise until 4ºC and precipitation can be reduced close to 20% but this would be different according local conditions, being also changes in the distribution. In order to study the differences promoted by these climate differences we compared the phenology, yield and quality parameters of Grenache, grafted onto 110-R in two mesoclimatic areas in Catalonia (Spain), Batea (TA: Terra Alta Appellation) and Caldes de Montbui (CAT: Catalunya Appellation) during two consecutive years 2007 and 2008.
In TA rainfall and potential evapotranspiration (ET0) were higher than in CAT, but accumulated growing degree days (∑GDD) were lower, due to lower maximum temperatures and higher minimum temperatures in winter in CAT. The year 2007 was drier and warmer in both locations. Yield was significantly lower only in CAT2007, being no differences in leaf area, nor pruning weight. Veraison and harvest were advanced in 2007 in both locations. Phenological stages were longer in CAT both years. The length of the period between flowering to veraison, and from veraison to harvest is longer when accumulated rainfall during each period is higher. On the other hand, the higher the average of GDD during the period, the shorter the period was. Probable alcohol degree (PAD), Total Phenol Index (TPI), Color Index (CI), Anthocyanin Content (ANTT and ANTE), were higher and Flavan-3-ols content (DMACH) and Seed Maturity (SM) were lower in 2008, in both locations than in 2007, which could indicate that these parameters are very affected by drought, that in 2007 was one of the most dry ripening periods of last century in Catalonia.

DOI:

Publication date: November 23, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2010

Type: Article

Authors

M. Nadal (1), F. de Herralde (2), M. Edo (1), M. Lampreave (1), R.Savé (1)

(1) Grup de Recerca Viti-vinicultura, Facultat d’Enologia, Dept. Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, URV Marcel·lí Domingo s/n. Campus Sant Pere Sescelades, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
(2) IRTA Torre Marimon, Ecofisiologia, Torre Marimon. 08140 Caldes de Montbui, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

Climate, Vitis, grapevine, drought, phenols

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2010

Citation

Related articles…

Tracking of sulfonated flavanol formation in a model wine during storage

The aim of this work was to determine the reaction products of bisulfite with grape seed flavanols and changes therein over different storage conditions in a model wine

Lead levels in fortified wines

AIM The main lead exposure route is the intake of contaminated food, water, and alcoholic beverages, in particular wine. At the gastric level, Pb is transformed into a soluble compound which, when conveyed into the bloodstream, is the long-term cause of saturnism, intoxication with neurotoxic, nephrotoxic and hematopoietic effects, and with the neurological developmental delay of children. Pb is classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a 2A class, possible carcinogenic to humans. In an opinion on possible health risks, CONTAM considered that cereals, vegetables, drinking water, and wine give a greater contribute to dietary exposure to Pb in Europe. Large quantities of wine, beer, and other alcoholic products drinking can increase daily Pb intake above the maximum permitted levels.

The Douro region: wine and tourism

The Demarcated Douro Region (DDR) dates from 1756, when it was recognized as one of the first demarcated regions in the world. The DDR economic activities fit the terroir model and are based on wine and tourism.

Teinturier grapes: Valorization as a source of high-value compounds for the Chilean food industry

The agri-food industry is constantly searching for ingredients of high functional value, healthy and of natural origin. One species of particular interest is Vitis vinifera, due to its recognized antioxidant potential. Among the grape varieties, one group possesses these antioxidant compounds not only in the skin, but also in its pulp: Teinturier. The red grape has traditionally been used for color correction purposes in winemaking, however, its high antioxidant content transforms it into a raw material of high potential for new formulations of ingredients and foods for the health and wellness market.

Exploring the genetic diversity of leaf flavonoids content in a set of Iberian grapevine cultivars: preliminary results

The use of grapevine genetic diversity is a way to mitigate the negative impacts of climate change on viticulture systems. Leaf epidermal flavonoids (including flavonols and anthocyanins) are involved in plant defense mechanisms against environmental stresses, like high temperatures or excessive solar radiation [1,2]. Among other factors, they modulate light absorption, which reduces photoinhibition processes in photosynthetic tissues [1]. Therefore, the identification of grapevine cultivars with an increased content on leaf epidermal flavonoids arises as a potential avenue to improve grapevine tolerance to some detrimental environmental stresses.