Terroir 2008 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 The influence of tertiary and quaternary deposits on the viticultural potential of the terroirs to be found in Geneva, Switzerland

The influence of tertiary and quaternary deposits on the viticultural potential of the terroirs to be found in Geneva, Switzerland

Abstract

The 1365 ha of the Genevese vineyard are located at the south-western corner of the Swiss plateau, between 395m and 505 m altitude. The vineyard is spread on quaternary deposits left behind after the melting of glaciers (12000 years BP) and tertiary molassic rocks (Chattien, 24 Ma). A soil map on the scale of 1:7500 was produced from 850 auger probes and 90 soil profiles. Based on this map, 69 parcels of Gamaret and Gamay are used as indicators to study the meso-climate and to follow the vines’ development. Thirty-seven parcels are equipped with temperature sensors at the depths of 2, 10 and 50 cm.
The glacial deposits are either made up of basal tills, mostly compacted, or by lateral and frontal stony tills more or less compacted or by glacio-lacustral and fluviatil deposits which show a textural composition going from clay to coarse gravel. The tertiary rocks present a succession of mudstone and sandstone stratas. The presence of these different deposits means there is great spatial variability. The textural and spatial variability are therefore present in the soils which developed from these parent materials.
More than half of the soils (55%) are located on basal or lateral tills. The glacio-lacustres and the tertiary rocks are to be found under 21 and 26 % of the soils respectively. Seven percent is situated on molasse with shallow till deposit. The CALCOSOLS, BRUNISOLS and LUVISOLS cover 63, 21 and 8 % of the surface respectively. Their clay, calcite and stone content differs widely. The deposits also influence the soils’ thermal and hydrological properties. The soils with excess of water are mostly located on fine textural deposits like mudstone and glacio-lacustral clay and on compacted tills The available water content goes from 50 to 250 mm. The plant behaviour is being observed in an on-going study to better under stand the meso-climate of the vineyard.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: December 8, 2021

Issue: Terroir 2008

Type : Article

Authors

BURGOS Stéphane, DAKHEL Nathalie and ALMENDROS Sébastien

Ecole d’ingénieurs de Changins, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland

Contact the author

Keywords

terroir, géologie, sols, climat, dépôts glaciaires

Tags

IVES Conference Series | Terroir 2008

Citation

Related articles…

Antifungal and Laccase-Suppressing Activity of Phenolic Compounds and Their Oxidation Products on Grey Mold-Fungus Botrytis cinerea

Botrytis cinerea causes grey mold that results in severe problems for wine makers worldwide. Infected grapes lead to quality deterioration including formation of off-flavors or browning. The latter is caused by the enzyme laccase which is capable of oxidizing a wide range of phenolic compounds. Since the use of conventional pesticides is associated with many concerns of consumers and authorities regarding environmental and health related issues and may result in fungicide resistance, the development of green alternatives is gaining more attention.

Read More

Cluster trait prediction using hyperspectral signatures in a population of 221 Riesling clones

Cluster architecture in grapevine plays a critical role in influencing bunch microclimate, thus quality traits, including sugar content, phenolic composition, and disease susceptibility.

Read More

Autochthonous non-Saccharomyces extra-cellular metabolism of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine

Amino acids are crucial nitrogen sources in yeast metabolism, influencing both biomass production and fermentation rate. The breakdown byproducts of amino acids contribute to the aroma of the wine and wine’s health benefit compounds. This study focused on the yeast’s extracellular metabolic profile of tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine belonging to the group of aromatic amino acids in experimental Maraština wines. Alcoholic fermentations were conducted on sterile grape Maraština must using seven autochthonous non-Saccharomyces yeasts in sequential fermentation with commercial Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Read More

Unveiling the bioactive potential of aglianco grape pomace: oleanolic acid as a promising natural product

The winemaking industry generates a substantial amount of byproducts, including grape pomace, which is often discarded as waste. However, this seemingly useless material holds a wealth of bioactive compounds with potential health benefits. Recognizing the value of circular economy principles, this study delves into the comprehensive chemical analysis of aglianco grape pomace, aiming to transform this byproduct into a valuable resource.

Read More

Adaptive winemaking technologies using PIWI varieties in the wine industry of Ukraine

In recent years, the impact of climate change has been pushing agriculture toward the implementation of innovative production methods aimed at countering the negative consequences of climate change.

Read More