GiESCO 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 GiESCO 9 Crop water stress index as a tool to estimate vine water status

Crop water stress index as a tool to estimate vine water status

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study – Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI) has long been a ratio to quantify relative plant water status in several crop and woody plants. Given its rather well relationship to either leaf or stem water potential and the feasibility to sample big vineyard areas as well as to collect quite a huge quantity of data with airborne cameras and image processing applications, it is being studied as a tool for irrigation monitoring in commercial vineyards. The objective of this paper was to know if CWSI estimated by measuring leaf temperature with an infrared hand held camera could be used to substitute the measure of stem water potential (SWP) without losing accuracy of plant water status measure.

Material and methods – Four vine water status were set up in 2017 on a Cabernet-Sauvignon vineyard grafted onto 110R at Morata de Tajuña (Madrid). Data herein involved correspond to 2018 growing season. Total Irrigation amount was 157, 241, 470 and 626 mm for treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively in 2018. Plants were 2-bud spur pruned along a unilateral cordon with 11-12 shoots per meter of raw. Training system was a Vertical Shoot Position (VSP). Experimental design was a randomize complete 4-block design with 3 rows per single plot, one central control row and two adjacent ones acting as buffer. Canopy development was measured by determining shaded soil at 10:30. Weather data were collected from a weather station at the same vineyard site. To calculate CWSI, leaf-treatment, wet leaf temperature and dry-leaf temperatures were measured with an infrared camera model FLIR E60. All data were collected around noon at the same time as stem water potential (Ψs), on 5 cloudless days along 2018 – June 19th, July 24th, August 7th, September 4th and 25th-. Four leaves per treatment were sampled each time of measurement. It was established a linear regression between CWSI and stem water potential. One treatment per measuring date (4 pair data) was kept out of the lineal regression and saved them to validate the model; All statistics analysis was performed with the Statistix10 package.

Results – Differences in CWSI arose from the first date of measure, June 19th. Differences in CWSI arise even before than in SWP; Highest SWP was -5.32 and the lowest was -13.80bar. At the end of the season, when overwhelming ambient conditions stayed long time CWSI did not show any difference between treatments despite SWP widely ranged between -6.85 and -10.53 bar between treatments. We found a significant linear relationship between CWSI and SWP (Ψs = 23.58·CWSI -2.87 R2= 0.63***). In an attempt to dig into the variables involved in plant water status we looked into a multiple regression in which SWP was dependent either on CWSI, vapor pressure deficit (VPD), canopy development (SS) and soil water content (Θs). However, none of these variables turned out to be significant but CWSI (R2=0.63**). Shaded soil was significant for P = 0.08. So far we can conclude that CWSI works out when stem water potential is below 14.0 bar.

Download the PDF

DOI:

Publication date: September 18, 2023

Issue: GiESCO 2019

Type: Poster

Authors

Carlos ESPARTOSA1, Julián RAMOS, Elena GONZÁLEZ-SEARA, Concepción GONZÁLEZ-GARCÍA, Adolfo MOYA, Antonio HUESO, Pilar BAEZA*

1 Centro de Estudios e Investigación para la Gestión de Riesgos Ambientales. ETSI-Agronómica, Alimentaria y Biosistemas. 28040 Madrid, España

Contact the author

Keywords

grapevine, Stem Water Potential, leaf temperature, Vapor Pressure Deficit, canopy development, soil water content, Crop Water Stress Index, infrared camera data

Tags

GiESCO | GiESCO 2019 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Nivel de infección y saneamiento del virus del entrenudo corto (GFLV) en el cv. de vid Pedro Ximenez en la denominación de origen Montilla-Moriles (DOMM)

Mediante análisis por test ELISA de hojas de vides (Vitis vinifera L.) del cv. Pedro Ximénez, procedentes de 28 parcelas experimentales distribuidas por la DOMM

Read More

A stratified sampling approach to investigate the impact of climate and maturity on the aroma and phenolic composition of grenache grapes and wines within the poctefa area

Context and purpose of the study. Climate change is affecting wine production and induces a large variability in wine composition between vintages.

Read More

Updating the Winkler index: An analysis of Cabernet sauvignon in Napa Valley’s varied and changing climate

This study aims to create an updated, agile viticultural climate index (similar to the Winkler Index) by performing in-depth analyses of current and historical data from industry partners in several major winegrowing regions. The Winkler Index was developed in the early twentieth century based on analysis of various grape-growing regions in California. The index uses heat accumulation (i.e. Growing Degree Days) throughout the growing season to determine which grape varieties are best suited to each region. As viticultural regions are increasingly subject to the complexity and uncertainty of a changing climate, a more rigorous, agile model is needed to aid grape growers in determining which cultivars to plant where. For the first phase of this study, 21 industry partners throughout Napa Valley shared historical phenology, harvest, viticultural practice, and weather data related to their Cabernet sauvignon vineyard blocks. To complement this data, berry samples were collected throughout the 2021 growing season from 50 vineyard blocks located throughout 16 American Viticultural Areas that were then analyzed for basic berry chemistry and phenolics. These blocks have been mapped using a Geographic Information System (GIS), enabling analysis of altitude, vineyard row orientation, slope, and remotely sensed climate data. Sampling sites were also chosen based on their proximity to a weather station. By analyzing historical data from industry partners and data specifically collected for this study, it is possible to identify key parameters for further analysis. Initial results indicate extreme variability at a high spatial resolution not currently accounted for in modern viticultural climate indices and suggest that viticultural practices play a major role. Using the structure of data collection and analyses developed for the first phase, this project will soon be expanded to other wine regions globally, while continuing data collection in Napa Valley.

Read More

Management of grapevine water status with the DSS Vintel® provides evidence of sustainable irrigation strategies while maintaining wine quality of Pinot gris in Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, NE italy

Deficit irrigation strategies can be valuable means to improve grape quality while saving important amounts of water. A simple way to use deficit irrigation can be based on irrigating a vineyard with a determined level of crop evapotranspiration. Using a precise physiological parameter indicating water status, irrigation could be managed to maintain a specific pre-dawn leaf water potential.

Read More

Mgaloblishvili Rpv29 and Rpv31 loci reveal new insights on downy mildew resistance sources in Vitis vinifera

Downy mildew, a disease caused by Plasmopara viticola (Berk. et Curt.) Berl. and De Toni, is one of the strongest threats to grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) production. Recently, sources of resistance to downy mildew were identified among Caucasian germplasm. Among them, the Georgian variety Mgaloblishvili revealed a unique resistance mechanism. A genome wide association study (GWAS) allowed the identification of the genetic bases of Mgaloblishvili resistance, the loci Rpv29, Rpv30 and Rpv31. To dissect the three resistance loci, Mgaloblishvili genome was sequenced using PacBio HiFi reads and assembled.

Read More