terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Abstract

Traditional drought tolerant varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Monastrell, and Syrah [1], have been used as parents in the grapevine breeding program initiated by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) in 1997 [2]. This work presents the results of evaluating three new genotypes obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (MC16 and MC80) and between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ (MS104), comparing their performance under conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures with that of their respective parental varieties. For this purpose, the six genotypes were cultivated under controlled irrigation conditions (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions. Physiological, production, grape quality, and wine quality parameters were evaluated during 2022. The preliminary results obtained show that, under the experimental conditions of the study, all the evaluated parameters varied significantly between genotypes and irrigation treatments. Under rainfed conditions, the new genotypes had suitable yields, all of them showing higher yields than ‘Monastrell’, the reference variety in the area. Regarding phenolic quality under rainfed conditions, MC16 and MC80 exhibited an average total phenol content (TPC) in skin and seeds of 4757 mg Kg grape-1 and 5097 mg Kg grape-1, respectively, significantly higher than that of the parental varieties. In addition, MS104 ripened and was harvested with a very low sugar content (10.3 °Baumé), making it very interesting and suitable for the production of low-alcohol wines in warm areas. These results suggest that the new genotypes could adapt better than the parental ones to the conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures in the area, maintaining suitable yields and high phenolic quality. If these results are confirmed in successive years, these new genotypes could better tolerate the negative effects of water scarcity and high temperatures on productivity and grape and wine quality.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Carlos V. Padilla, Eliseo Salmerón and Isidro Hita for crop health control. This work was financed by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación via project PID2020-119263RR-100.

References: 

1)  Fraga, H. et al. (2016). Climatic suitability of Portuguese grapevine varieties and climate change adaptation. Int. J. Climatol., 36(1), 1-12, DOI: 10.1002/joc.4325
2)  Ruiz-García, et al. (2018) Nuevas variedades de vid obtenidas en la Región de Murcia. Actas Hortic., 80, 226–229.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Diego José Fernández-López1*, José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández2, Adrián Yepes-Hita1, Celia Martínez-Mora1, Ana Fuentes-Denia1, José Cayetano Gómez-Martínez2, Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez2, José Antonio Martínez-Jiménez1, Leonor Ruiz-García1*

1 Molecular Genetic Improvement Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medi-oambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.
2 Oenology and Viticulture Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.

Contact the author*

Keywords

drought, crossbreeding, water status, production, grape quality, wine quality

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Phenolic composition and chromatic characteristics of blends of cv. Tempranillo wines from vines grown with different viticultural techniques in a semi-arid area

The quality and color stability of red wines are directly related to content and distribution of phenolic compounds. However, the climate change produces the asynchrony between the dates of technological and maturity of grapes. The crop-forcing technique (CF) restores the coupling between phenolic and technological ripeness while limits vineyard yields. Blending of wines is frequently used to equilibriate composition of wines and to increase their stability, color and quality. The aim of the present work is to study the phenolic composition and color of wine blends made with FW (wines from vines subjected to CF) and CW (wines for vines under the usual cultivation practices).

Read More

Agronomic and oenological behavior of the minority Mandón variety on two rootstocks in the D.O. Arribes

A large population of vines of the Mandón minority red variety (synonymous with Garró) has been located in old vineyards of the D.O. Arribes (Zamora and Salamanca) to conserve and recover this minority variety. The wines made with this variety are characterized by their good structure and color, interesting harmony, an excellently low pH, with high acidity, as well as complex aromas of blue fruits and a marked and expressive minerality.

Read More

Do wine sulphites affect gut microbiota? An in vitro study of their digestion in the gastrointestinal tract

“Sulphites” and mainly sulphur dioxide (SO2) is by far the most widely used additive (E-220/INS 220) in winemaking and likely the most difficult to replace. The well-known antioxidant, antioxidasic and antimicrobial properties of SO2 make this molecule a practically essential tool, not only in winemaking, but also in the production of other food products. The current trend in winemaking is the reduction of this unfriendly additive due to its negative effects on health and environmental. In particular, it could cause headaches and intolerance/allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Wine is considered one of the major contributors of exposure of SO2 in the adult population, when this beverage is included in the diet.

Read More

Grapevine adaptation to drought and resistance to Neofusicoccum parvum, causal agent of Botryosphaeria dieback

The sustainability of viticulture in response to climate change has been addressed mainly considering agronomic impacts, such as water management and diseases, either separately or together.
In grapevines, there is strong evidence that different genotypes respond differently to biotic and abiotic stresses. A screening was conducted on various local cultivars in response to drought and Neofusicoum parvum infection aiming to evaluate their susceptibility to abiotic stress and resistance to fungal diseases.

Read More

Identification of several glycosidic aroma precursors in six varieties of winemaking grapes and assessment of their aroma potential by acid hydrolysis

In winemaking grapes, it is known that most aroma compounds are present as non-volatile precursors, such as glycosidic precursors. In fact, there is strong evidence supporting the connection between the content of aroma precursors and the aromatic quality of wine [1]. Acid hydrolysis is preferred to reveal the aroma potential of winemaking grapes, as it predicts more accurately the chemical rearrangements occurring during fermentation in acidic environments [2]. In this study, a method involving a fast fermentation followed by acid hydrolysis at 75ºC was used to evaluate the accumulation of aroma compounds over time in fractions obtained from six different varieties of winemaking grapes.

Read More