terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Abstract

Traditional drought tolerant varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Monastrell, and Syrah [1], have been used as parents in the grapevine breeding program initiated by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) in 1997 [2]. This work presents the results of evaluating three new genotypes obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (MC16 and MC80) and between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ (MS104), comparing their performance under conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures with that of their respective parental varieties. For this purpose, the six genotypes were cultivated under controlled irrigation conditions (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions. Physiological, production, grape quality, and wine quality parameters were evaluated during 2022. The preliminary results obtained show that, under the experimental conditions of the study, all the evaluated parameters varied significantly between genotypes and irrigation treatments. Under rainfed conditions, the new genotypes had suitable yields, all of them showing higher yields than ‘Monastrell’, the reference variety in the area. Regarding phenolic quality under rainfed conditions, MC16 and MC80 exhibited an average total phenol content (TPC) in skin and seeds of 4757 mg Kg grape-1 and 5097 mg Kg grape-1, respectively, significantly higher than that of the parental varieties. In addition, MS104 ripened and was harvested with a very low sugar content (10.3 °Baumé), making it very interesting and suitable for the production of low-alcohol wines in warm areas. These results suggest that the new genotypes could adapt better than the parental ones to the conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures in the area, maintaining suitable yields and high phenolic quality. If these results are confirmed in successive years, these new genotypes could better tolerate the negative effects of water scarcity and high temperatures on productivity and grape and wine quality.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Carlos V. Padilla, Eliseo Salmerón and Isidro Hita for crop health control. This work was financed by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación via project PID2020-119263RR-100.

References: 

1)  Fraga, H. et al. (2016). Climatic suitability of Portuguese grapevine varieties and climate change adaptation. Int. J. Climatol., 36(1), 1-12, DOI: 10.1002/joc.4325
2)  Ruiz-García, et al. (2018) Nuevas variedades de vid obtenidas en la Región de Murcia. Actas Hortic., 80, 226–229.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Diego José Fernández-López1*, José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández2, Adrián Yepes-Hita1, Celia Martínez-Mora1, Ana Fuentes-Denia1, José Cayetano Gómez-Martínez2, Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez2, José Antonio Martínez-Jiménez1, Leonor Ruiz-García1*

1 Molecular Genetic Improvement Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medi-oambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.
2 Oenology and Viticulture Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.

Contact the author*

Keywords

drought, crossbreeding, water status, production, grape quality, wine quality

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Antimicrobial activity of oenological polyphenols against Gram positive and Gram negative intestinal multidrug-resistant bacteria

Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a major current health problem. Polyphenols have demonstrated antibacterial activity, and in this work we studied the effect of oenological polyphenols on the growth of intestinal multidrug-resistant strains of human and animal origin. Two Enterococcus faecium strains, resistant to vancomycin and other antibiotics, and four Escherichia coli strains, resistant to ampicillin and other antibiotics, were included in this study. All strains showed multidrug resistant phenotypes and genotypes to at least two antibiotic families.

Read More

Inert gases persistence in wine storage tank blanketing

It is common to find tanks in the winery with wine below their capacity due to wine transfers between tanks of different capacities or the interruption of operations for periods of a few days. This situation implies the existence of an ullage space in the tank with prolonged contact with the wine causing its absorption/oxidation. Oxygen uptake from the air headspace over the wine due to differences in the partial pressure of O2 can be rapid, up to 1.5 mL of O2 per liter of wine in one hour and 100 cm2 of surface area1 and up to saturation after 4 hours.

Read More

Effect of irrigation in cover cropping vineyards

Cover cropping in vineyard is a sustainable and alternative soil management system to conventional tillage that is gaining more and more importance among winegrowers and is being promoted, among other organizations, by the European Union through the eco-schemes of the Common Agricultural Policy.
However, the use of cover crops in Mediterranean viticultural environments is conditioned, to a large extent, by the availability of irrigation water which, in a context of global warming like the one we are experiencing, must be adjusted to savings strategies, supplying to the vine only what it needs in each moment.

Read More

Comparison of the effects of hormone- and natural-based elicitors on key metabolic pathways in cv. Tempranillo

One of the most important effects of climate change in wine-growing areas is the advance of phenological stages, especially concerning early berry ripening. In the hottest seasons, this results in a lack of synchrony between sugar and phenolic ripeness. In order to cope with this fact, a general effort is being made by researchers and growers aiming at delaying ripening through different strategies. One of the proposed approaches is the application of elicitors. This study aims to assess the effect at the transcriptomic level of application of three elicitors (Vitalfit, Fruitel, and Protone) in Tempranillo.

Read More

Mycorrhizal symbiosis modulates flavonoid and amino acid profiles in grapes of Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon 

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis is probably the most widespread beneficial interaction between plants and microorganisms. AMF has been widely reported to promote grapevine growth, water and nutrient uptake as well as both biotic and abiotic stress tolerance[1]. However, the impact of AMF on grape composition has been less studied. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of the association between two commercial grapevine cultivars (Tempranillo and Cabernet Sauvignon grafted onto 110 rootstock) and AMF on the anthocyanin, flavonol and amino acid concentrations and profiles of grapes.

Read More