terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Abstract

Traditional drought tolerant varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Monastrell, and Syrah [1], have been used as parents in the grapevine breeding program initiated by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) in 1997 [2]. This work presents the results of evaluating three new genotypes obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (MC16 and MC80) and between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ (MS104), comparing their performance under conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures with that of their respective parental varieties. For this purpose, the six genotypes were cultivated under controlled irrigation conditions (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions. Physiological, production, grape quality, and wine quality parameters were evaluated during 2022. The preliminary results obtained show that, under the experimental conditions of the study, all the evaluated parameters varied significantly between genotypes and irrigation treatments. Under rainfed conditions, the new genotypes had suitable yields, all of them showing higher yields than ‘Monastrell’, the reference variety in the area. Regarding phenolic quality under rainfed conditions, MC16 and MC80 exhibited an average total phenol content (TPC) in skin and seeds of 4757 mg Kg grape-1 and 5097 mg Kg grape-1, respectively, significantly higher than that of the parental varieties. In addition, MS104 ripened and was harvested with a very low sugar content (10.3 °Baumé), making it very interesting and suitable for the production of low-alcohol wines in warm areas. These results suggest that the new genotypes could adapt better than the parental ones to the conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures in the area, maintaining suitable yields and high phenolic quality. If these results are confirmed in successive years, these new genotypes could better tolerate the negative effects of water scarcity and high temperatures on productivity and grape and wine quality.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Carlos V. Padilla, Eliseo Salmerón and Isidro Hita for crop health control. This work was financed by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación via project PID2020-119263RR-100.

References: 

1)  Fraga, H. et al. (2016). Climatic suitability of Portuguese grapevine varieties and climate change adaptation. Int. J. Climatol., 36(1), 1-12, DOI: 10.1002/joc.4325
2)  Ruiz-García, et al. (2018) Nuevas variedades de vid obtenidas en la Región de Murcia. Actas Hortic., 80, 226–229.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Diego José Fernández-López1*, José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández2, Adrián Yepes-Hita1, Celia Martínez-Mora1, Ana Fuentes-Denia1, José Cayetano Gómez-Martínez2, Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez2, José Antonio Martínez-Jiménez1, Leonor Ruiz-García1*

1 Molecular Genetic Improvement Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medi-oambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.
2 Oenology and Viticulture Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.

Contact the author*

Keywords

drought, crossbreeding, water status, production, grape quality, wine quality

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Towards the understanding of wine distillation in the production of brandy de Jerez. Chemical and sensory characterization of two distillation methods: continuous and batch distillation

Brandy de Jerez (BJ) is a spirit drink made exclusively from spirits and wine distillates and is characterized by the use of casks for aging that previously contained Sherries. The quality and sensory complexity of BJ depend on the raw materials and some factors: grape variety, conditions during processing the wine and its distillation, as well as the aging in the cask. Therefore, the original compounds of the grapes from which it comes are of great interest being in most cases the Airén variety. Their relationship with the quality of the musts and the wines obtained from them has been studied (1) and varies each year of harvest depending on the weather conditions (2).

Read More

High-throughput screening of physical-mechanical berry skin traits facilitates targeted selection of breeding material with resistance to Botrytis bunch rot and grape sunburn

The ongoing climate change implies an increasing mean air temperature, which is signified by weather extremes or sudden changes between drought and local heavy rainfalls. These changing conditions are especially challenging for the established grapevine varieties growing under cool climate conditions due to an increased risk for fungal diseases like downy mildew (DM) and Botrytis bunch rot (BBR) as well as for grape sunburn. To meet that demand, the scope of most grapevine breeding programs is the selection of mildew fungus-resistant and climatic adapted grapevines with balanced, healthy yield and outstanding wine quality.

Read More

The generation of suspended cell wall material may limit the effect of ultrasound in some varieties

The disruptive effect exerted by high-power ultrasound (US) on plant cell walls, natural barriers to the diffusion of compounds of interest during the maceration of red wines, is established as the reason behind the chromatic improvement that its treatment causes. However, sometimes this improvement is not observed, especially with short maceration times. The presence of a high quantity of suspended cell wall material, which formation is favored by the sonication, could be the cause of this lack of positive results since this cell wall material has a high affinity for phenolic compounds.

Read More

Predicting provenance and grapevine cultivar implementing machine learning on vineyard soil microbiome data: implications in grapevine breeding

The plant rhizosphere microbial communities are an essential component of plant microbiota, which is crucial for sustaining the production of healthy crops. The main drivers of the composition of such communities are the growing environment and the planted genotype. Recent viticulture studies focus on understanding the effects of these factors on soil microbial composition since microbial biodiversity is an important determinant of plant phenotype, and of wine’s organoleptic properties. Microbial biodiversity of different wine regions, for instance, is an important determinant of wine terroir.

Read More

Response of red grape varieties irrigated during the summer to water availability at the end of winter in four Spanish wine-growing regions: berry phenolic composition

Water availability is the most limiting factor for vineyard productivity under Mediterranean conditions. Due to the effects caused by the current climate change, wine-growing regions may face serious soil moisture conservation problems, due to the lower water retention capacity of the soil and higher soil irradiation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of soil recharge irrigation in pre-sprouting and summer irrigation every week (30 % ETo) from the pea size state until the end of ripening (RP) compared to exclusively summer irrigation every week (R) in the same way that RP, on berry phenolic composition at harvest.

Read More