terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

New crossbreed winegrape genotypes cultivated under rainfed conditions in a semi-arid Mediterranean region

Abstract

Traditional drought tolerant varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Monastrell, and Syrah [1], have been used as parents in the grapevine breeding program initiated by the Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA) in 1997 [2]. This work presents the results of evaluating three new genotypes obtained from crosses between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ (MC16 and MC80) and between ‘Monastrell’ and ‘Syrah’ (MS104), comparing their performance under conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures with that of their respective parental varieties. For this purpose, the six genotypes were cultivated under controlled irrigation conditions (60% ETc) and rainfed conditions. Physiological, production, grape quality, and wine quality parameters were evaluated during 2022. The preliminary results obtained show that, under the experimental conditions of the study, all the evaluated parameters varied significantly between genotypes and irrigation treatments. Under rainfed conditions, the new genotypes had suitable yields, all of them showing higher yields than ‘Monastrell’, the reference variety in the area. Regarding phenolic quality under rainfed conditions, MC16 and MC80 exhibited an average total phenol content (TPC) in skin and seeds of 4757 mg Kg grape-1 and 5097 mg Kg grape-1, respectively, significantly higher than that of the parental varieties. In addition, MS104 ripened and was harvested with a very low sugar content (10.3 °Baumé), making it very interesting and suitable for the production of low-alcohol wines in warm areas. These results suggest that the new genotypes could adapt better than the parental ones to the conditions of water scarcity and high temperatures in the area, maintaining suitable yields and high phenolic quality. If these results are confirmed in successive years, these new genotypes could better tolerate the negative effects of water scarcity and high temperatures on productivity and grape and wine quality.

Acknowledgments: The authors thank Carlos V. Padilla, Eliseo Salmerón and Isidro Hita for crop health control. This work was financed by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación via project PID2020-119263RR-100.

References: 

1)  Fraga, H. et al. (2016). Climatic suitability of Portuguese grapevine varieties and climate change adaptation. Int. J. Climatol., 36(1), 1-12, DOI: 10.1002/joc.4325
2)  Ruiz-García, et al. (2018) Nuevas variedades de vid obtenidas en la Región de Murcia. Actas Hortic., 80, 226–229.

DOI:

Publication date: October 3, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Diego José Fernández-López1*, José Ignacio Fernández-Fernández2, Adrián Yepes-Hita1, Celia Martínez-Mora1, Ana Fuentes-Denia1, José Cayetano Gómez-Martínez2, Juan Antonio Bleda-Sánchez2, José Antonio Martínez-Jiménez1, Leonor Ruiz-García1*

1 Molecular Genetic Improvement Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medi-oambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.
2 Oenology and Viticulture Team, Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), C/ Mayor s/n, La Alberca, 30150 Murcia, Spain.

Contact the author*

Keywords

drought, crossbreeding, water status, production, grape quality, wine quality

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Quantifying water use diversity across grapevine rootstock-scion combinations

Vines require proper light levels, temperature, and water availability, and climate change is modifying these factors, hampering yield and quality. Despite the large diversity of rootstocks, varieties, and clones, we still lack knowledge of their combined effects and potential role in a warmer and dryer future. Therefore, we aim to characterize some of the existing diversity of rootstocks and genotypes and their interaction at the eco-physiological level, combining stomatal conductance (gs) and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis.

Read More

Implications of the nature of organic mulches used in vineyards on grapevine water status, yield, berry quality and biological soil health  

Climate emergency is going to affect the agricultural suistainability, wine grapes being probably one of the crops more sensitive to environmental constraints. In this context, mitigation strategies such as the revalorization of agricultural wastes are paramount to cope with the current challenges. The use of organic mulches has been reported to reduce soil water evaporation and improve vine water status, reduce soil erosion, and increase soil organic matter with little impact on berry quality. However, less is known about their effects on the microbiote of vineyards.

Read More

Exploring the prevalence of esca-induced leaf symptoms in French vineyards and the role of climate: a national scale analysis

Esca, a severe trunk disease affecting vineyards, is caused by fungal pathogens that induce wood necrosis and decay, leaf symptoms, yield losses, and potentially a rapid death of the vine. The prevalence of this disease varies across years, regions, cultivars, and plot ages. Despite its significance in understanding and predicting dieback risk in different vineyards, the role of climate in trunk diseases remains a relatively unexplored research area. While some studies have demonstrated the impact of certain climatic conditions on the prevalence of the disease, they often focus on a limited number of plots and yield conflicting results.We conducted a statistical analysis, using a Bayesian approach on a national database comprising prevalence data of esca from over 500 different plots in France, spanning the years 2003 to 2022 and encompassing various cultivars.

Read More

Aromatic characterization of Moscato Giallo by GC-MS/MS and stable isotopic ratio analysis of the major volatile compounds

Among the Moscato grapes, Moscato Giallo is a winegrape variety characterized by a high content of free and glycosylated monoterpenoids, which gives very aromatic wines. The aromatic bouquet of Moscato Giallo is strongly influenced by the high concentration of linalool, geraniol, linalool oxides, limonene, α-terpineol, citronellol, HO-trienol, HO-diols, 8-Hydroxylinalool, geranic acid and β-myrcene, that give citrus, rose, and peach notes.

Read More

The use of plasma activated water in barrel disinfection: impact on oak wood composition

The use of barrels is a practice that improves the quality of wines. The porous structure of wood favors the accumulation of microorganisms that can deteriorate the quality of wines so that barrel cleaning and sanitizing treatments are essential. The burning of sulphur discs has been the most common practice in winemaking because ots biocide effect. Nevertheless, its effectiveness is still insufficient and it is harmful for human health.

Read More