terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Late winter pruning induces a maturity delay under temperature-increased conditions in cv. Merlot from Chile

Late winter pruning induces a maturity delay under temperature-increased conditions in cv. Merlot from Chile

Abstract

Chile is considered vulnerable to climate change; and these phenomena affect several mechanisms in the grape physiology and quality. The global temperature increase affects sugar contents, organic acids, and phenolic compounds in grapes, producing an imbalance maturity. In this sense, an alternative to reduce the impact is to perform pruning after vine budburst, known as “Late Pruning” (LP).

The study aims are evaluating the LP, under ambient (Control) and temperature increase (T+) conditions, as agronomical technique that allows the imbalance of sugar and anthocyanins and delaying grapes maturation in cv. Merlot (Valle central, Chile) during two seasons. To achieve this goal tree pruning were made: winter pruning (WP); LP1 (Late pruning at budbreak) and LP2 (at shoots of 2-4 cm). The phenology of the crop was monitored and gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic pigments were determined at key growth stages. At harvest (22±1 ºBrix), anthocyanins and total soluble solids were determined to evaluate the development of maturation.

During two seasons (21-22; 22-23) temperatures produced an earlier harvest in WP. LP1 treatments under control conditions had no effect on harvest date, and LP2 even advanced it. Under T+ conditions, LP1 had the most positive effects, delaying harvest by 5 to 22 days (season depending) and increasing total anthocyanin by 12% under ambient conditions and by 19% at T+. Regarding the effects on gas exchange, temperature significantly reduced photosynthesis in both seasons, but LP had no effect. In conclusion, the delay of sugar accumulation due to LP at budbreak could have a positive effect on anthocyanin concentration, without affecting other parameters such as photosynthesis.

Acknowledgements: This study is part of the project Fondecyt 11200703 (ANID). Thanks to Manuel Gutierrez for his field work and Jose Macias, graduate student.

DOI:

Publication date: October 25, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

C. Salazar-Parra1*, R. Rivera1,2, M. Miranda1, M. Reyes3, C. Peppi1

1Instituto de investigaciones agropecuarias, INIA La Platina.
2Undergraduate student. Facultad de Ciencias. Universidad de Chile.
3Instituto de investigaciones agropecuarias. INIA Raihuen.

Contact the author*

Keywords

temperature, anthocyanins, grapevine, climate change, sugars

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Drought tolerance assessment and differentiation of grapevine cultivars using physiological metrics: insights from field studies

This study aimed to validate a protocol and compare metrics for evaluating drought tolerance in two Vitis vinifera grapevine cultivars under field conditions. Various metrics were calculated to represent the physiological responses of plants to progressive water deficit. Data were collected from Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay plants subjected to three irrigation levels during the 2022-2023 season, along with data from three previous seasons. Hydro-escape areas were used to assess the plant’s ability to reduce water potential with decreasing soil water availability.

Read More

Uncovering the interplay between Copper and SO2 tolerance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

[lwp_divi_breadcrumbs home_text="IVES" use_before_icon="on" before_icon="||divi||400" module_id="publication-ariane" _builder_version="4.20.4" _module_preset="default" module_text_align="center" module_font_size="16px" text_orientation="center"...
Read More

Metabolomic profiling of heat-stressed grape berries 

The projected rise in mean air temperatures together with the frequency, intensity, and length of heat waves in many wine-growing regions worldwide will deeply impact grape berry development and quality. Several studies have been conducted and a large set of molecular data was produced to better understand the impact of high temperatures on grape berry development and metabolism[1]. According to these data, it is highly likely that the metabolomic dynamics could be strongly modulated by heat stress (HS).

Read More

Understanding the impact of rising temperatures due to climate change on aromatic compositions in Malbec wines from Mendoza, Argentina

Mendoza is one of Argentina’s most important and outstanding wine regions producing the renowned Malbec wines due to its optimal soil and weather conditions. However, the effects of 21st-century climate change would negatively impact Malbec wines quality. This study investigated the effect of temperature increase and the impact of plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) used to mitigate the negative effect of temperature increase on Malbec wines aromatic composition through GC-MS. Four treatments were applied on vines at field condition: Control, Control + 3 ºC, ABA and ABA + 3 ºC.

Read More

New varieties descendant from Monastrell with lower sugar and high phenolic content adapted to warm climates

Given that climate change is a continuous process, it is necessary to constantly search for new strategies that help the viticulturist sector to mitigate its consequences. All adaptation strategies will have a greater or lesser effect that in turn will be marked by the times of action. As a long-term action, a genetic breeding program to obtain new varieties descendant from Monastrell has been developed in the Region of Murcia (more specifically, in the IMIDA Research Center) since 1997. In this program, new red varieties have been developed through directed crosses of the Monastrell variety with other varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon, Tempranillo and Syrah.

Read More