terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Impact of polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance on the yield and must quality traits of grapevine varieties

Impact of polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance on the yield and must quality traits of grapevine varieties

Abstract

The effects of climate change in viticulture are currently a major concern, with heat waves and drought affecting yield, wine quality, and in extreme cases, even plant survival. Ancient grapevine varieties have high intravarietal genetic variability that so far has been explored successfully to improve yield and must quality. Currently, there is little information available on intravarietal variability regarding responses to stress. In the current work, the intravarietal genetic variability of several Portuguese varieties was studied for yield, must quality, and tolerance to abiotic stress, through indirect, rapid, and nondestructive measurements carried out in the field.

The present work describes an innovative approach in selection for abiotic stress tolerance, performed in experimental populations of several varieties installed according to resolvable row-column designs with 4 to 6 replicates1. Representative samples of the intravarietal variability of three ancient varieties (Uva Cão, Castelão, and Moscatel Graúdo) under conditions of drought and extreme heat were measured for surface leaf temperature (SLT), a parameter that had already been used for the varieties Aragonez2 and Arinto3, with good results. This was complemented with analyses of yield and quality characteristics of the must. Linear mixed models were fitted to the data of the traits evaluated, and the empirical best linear unbiased predictors (EBLUPs) of genotypic effects for each trait were obtained as well as the coefficient of genotypic variation (CVG) and broad sense heritability4. The genotypes were then ranked according to their level of tolerance to abiotic stress, and the changes in yield and traits of quality of the must were assessed for those genotypes. The results obtained will be the basis to develop, for those varieties, a new type of polyclonal selected material with increased tolerance to abiotic stress, in relation to the average of the varieties.

Acknowledgements: Projects “Conservation and selection of ancient grapevine varieties” (PDR2020-784-042704), “Save the intra-varietal diversity of autochthonous grapevine varieties” (PRR-C05-i03-|-000016); FCT: DL57/2016/CP1382/CT0024 to LC; UIDB/04129/2020 and LEAF Thematic Line Project Clones4ClimateChange.

1)  Gonçalves E. et. al. (2010) Experimental designs for evaluation of genetic variability and selection of ancient grapevine varieties: a simulation study. Heredity, 104: 552–562. DOI: 10.1038/hdy.2009.153

2)  Carvalho L.C. et. al. (2020) Selecting Aragonez genotypes able to outplay climate change driven abiotic stress. Front. Plant Sci., 11: 599230, DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.599230

3)  Carvalho L.C. et. al. (2023) Polyclonal selection for abiotic stress tolerance in Arinto: implications in yield and quality of the must. 44th World Congress of Vine and Wine, Cádiz, Spain, 5-9 June.

4)  Gonçalves E. and Martins A. (2019). Genetic gains of selection in ancient grapevine cultivars. Acta Hortic., 1248, 47–54. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1248.7

DOI:

Publication date: October 4, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Luísa Carvalho1, Teresa Pinto2, Joana Ribeiro1, J. Miguel Costa1, Antero Martins1,2, Elsa Gonçalves1,2

1LEAF- Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food, Associated Laboratory TERRA; Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
2Associação Portuguesa para a Diversidade da Videira – PORVID, Lisboa, Portugal

Contact the author*

Keywords

abiotic stress, grapevine, intravarietal variability, polyclonal selection, surface leaf temperature

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Genetic variation among wild grapes native to Japan

Domesticated grapes are assumed to have originated in the Middle East. However, a considerable number of species are native in East Asian countries such as China, Korea and Japan as well. Evidence suggests that a total of seven species and eight varieties have been found to be native to Japan. A wide level variation in morphology, genetic and fruit composition exist in wild grape native to Japan.

Design of microbial consortia to improve the production of aromatic amino acid derived compounds during wine fermentation

Wine contains secondary metabolites derived from aromatic amino acids (AADC), which can determine quality, stability and bioactivity. Several yeast species, as well as some lactic acid bacteria (LAB), can contribute in the production of these aromatic compounds. Winemaking should be studied as a series of microbial interactions, that work as an interconnected network, and can determine the metabolic and analytical profiles of wine. The aim of this work was to select microorganisms (yeast and LAB) based on their potential to produce AADC compounds, such as tyrosol and hydroxytyrosol, and design a microbial consortium that could increase the production of these AADC compounds in wines.

Metabolomic insights into wine’s sensory identity: unveiling climate-driven changes in aroma composition

Wine, a sensitive and intricate agricultural product, is being affected by climate change, which accelerates grapevine phenological stages and alters grape composition and ripening. This influences the synthesis of key aroma compounds, shaping wine’s sensory attributes [1]. The complex aroma profile, resulting from compound interactions, presents a metabolomics challenge to identify these indicators and their environmental change responses, which is being addressed using diverse analytical techniques.

Retrospective analysis of our knowledge regarding the genetics of relevant traits for rootstock breeding 

Rootstocks were the first sustainable and environmentally friendly strategy to cope with a major threat for Vitis vinifera cultivation. In addition to providing Phylloxera resistance, they play an important role in protecting against other soil-borne pests, such as nematodes, and in adapting V. vinifera to limiting abiotic conditions. Today viticulture has to adapt to ongoing climate change whilst simultaneously reducing its environmental impact. In this context, rootstocks are a central element in the development of agro-ecological practices that increase adaptive potential with low external inputs. Despite the apparent diversity of the Vitis genus, only few rootstock varieties are used worldwide and most of them have a very narrow genetic background. This means that there is considerable scope to breed new, improved rootstocks to adapt viticulture for the future.

Chemical and microbiological evaluation of Ribeiro wines (NW Spain)

Wine produced under Designation of Origin (DOP) Ribeiro, the oldest DOP in Galicia (NW Spain), are elaborated using local grape cultivars, grown at the valleys of Miño, Avia and Arnoia rivers. The landscape formed by slopes and terraces and the peculiar climate of continental character, softened by the proximity of Atlantic Ocean, make it an area of excellent aptitude for vine cultivation. In addition, small-scale farming and the use of traditional techniques for vineyard management provide a great diversity to Ribeiro wines. This study presents the evaluation of red and white wines (bottled or bulk wines) from DOP Ribeiro, produced between years 2018-2022.