terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Energy partitioning and functionality of photosystem II in water-stressed grapevines during heatwaves revealed by continuous measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence

Energy partitioning and functionality of photosystem II in water-stressed grapevines during heatwaves revealed by continuous measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence

Abstract

The increased intensity and frequency of heatwaves, coupled with prolonged periods of drought, are a significant threat to viticulture worldwide. During these conditions the more exposed leaves can show visible symptoms of heat damage. We monitored the functionality of photosystem II (PSII) in the field to better understand the impact of heatwaves on canopy performance. A factorial experiment was established in summer 2023 using Shiraz grapevines in the Barossa valley of South Australia, involving water-stressed and well-watered vines. To monitor the impacts of irrigation and leaf position on PSII functionality, MONI/MICRO PAM heads were mounted on the south (polar facing) and north (equatorial facing) sides of the canopy of each vine. Water stress decreased midday stem water potential (SWP) to -1.4 MPa in water-stressed plants, while well-watered plants maintained SWP at -0.8 MPa. Maximum efficiency of PSII (Fv/Fm) decreased by higher exposure to heat and radiation on the northern side, especially when plants were subjected to water stress. Absorbed energy partitioning in PSII differed between northern and southern sides, and it was influenced by irrigation. At midday, leaves on the southern side showed higher photochemical (Y(II)) and lower non-photochemical yield (Y(NPQ)) than northern leaves. Water stress decreased Y(II) and increased Y(NPQ) at midday predominantly on the northern side. During a heatwave, PSII showed an increase in photoinhibition (Y(NO)) in water-stressed plants on the northern side; however, this effect was reversible and persisted only one day following the heatwave and decreased thereafter to a similar rate to that observed in the rest of the canopy. These findings suggest that, in the short-term, irrigation can be tailored to sustain the canopy during heat waves, while in the medium-term, canopy management strategies (such as shade netting) may be needed to maintain leaf function during and following heatwaves.

DOI:

Publication date: October 5, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Article

Authors

Walaa Shtai1*, Paul Petrie2, Marcos Bonada3, Massimo Tagliavini1 , Georg Wohlfahrt5, Edwards Everard4

1Free University of Bolzano- Bozen, Italy
2South Australian Research and Development Institute (SARDI), Adelaide, Australia
3Treasury Wine Estates, Adelaide, Australia.
4CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Adelaide, Australia
5University of Innsbruck, Austria

Contact the author*

Keywords

chlorophyll fluorescence, heat stress, water stress, grapevines, energy partitioning, heat dissipation, photoinhibition

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Implications of the nature of organic mulches used in vineyards on grapevine water status, yield, berry quality and biological soil health  

Climate emergency is going to affect the agricultural suistainability, wine grapes being probably one of the crops more sensitive to environmental constraints. In this context, mitigation strategies such as the revalorization of agricultural wastes are paramount to cope with the current challenges. The use of organic mulches has been reported to reduce soil water evaporation and improve vine water status, reduce soil erosion, and increase soil organic matter with little impact on berry quality. However, less is known about their effects on the microbiote of vineyards.

Read More

Characterization of a Sémillon clonal population: exploring genetic diversity, metabolomic profiles, and phenotypic variations

Sémillon is a cultivated grape variety known for contributing to dry and sweet white wine production. However, only seven approved clones have been officially recognized in France[1]. In this study, we aimed to characterize the genetic diversity and metabolomic profiles of a Sémillon clonal population, shedding light on the potential variations within this important grape variety.

Read More

Addition of glutathione-rich inactivated yeasts to white musts: effects on wine composition and sensory quality

Glutathione plays a key role in preventing some oxidative processes during winemaking. This molecule limits the must enzymatic oxidation, reacts with caffeic acid and generates a colourless compound that prevents subsequent browning. It also has a protective effect on wine aroma, preventing the oxidation of the volatile compounds with a high sensory impact.

Read More

“Compost Application in the Vineyard: Effects on Soil Nutrition and Compaction”

The mechanization of pruning and harvesting in vineyards has increased the risk of soil compaction. To reclaim soil properties or avoid this degradation process, it is crucial to properly manage the soil organic matter, and the application of compost derived from the vines themselves is a strategy to achieve this. The objective of this study was to evaluate the properties of soil treated with different doses of compost applied both on the vine row and the inter rows of a Vitis vinifera crop.

Read More

Water and nutritional savings shape non-structural carbohydrates in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cuttings

Global changes and sustainability challenge researchers in saving water and nutrients. The response of woody crops, which can be forced at facing more drought events during their life, is particularly important. Vitis vinifera can be an important model for its relevance in countries subjected to climate changes and its breeding, requiring cuttings plantation and strong pruning.

Read More