terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Biodiversity and biocontrol ability of Trichoderma natural populations in soil vineyards from Castilla y León region (Spain)

Biodiversity and biocontrol ability of Trichoderma natural populations in soil vineyards from Castilla y León region (Spain)

Abstract

Trichoderma is a microorganism present in many agricultural soils and some of its species could be used as natural biological control agents. In this work, the presence of natural populations of Trichoderma was estimated in soil vineyard and its biocontrol capacity against Phaeoacremonium minimum, one of the main agent causals of grapevine trunk diseases instead of using pesticides. Moreover, physicochemical variables in soil such as pH, organic matter and nutrients were evaluated to determine a possible correlation to natural populations of Trichoderma.

Ten different plots were selected from Castilla y León region in order to estimate the natural presence of Trichodermain soil vineyards. Samples were collected during winter at 10-30 cm depth. After, the presence of Trichoderma and main physical and chemical characteristics were evaluated in these soils. Moreover, in vitro tests of Trichoderma were done against P. minimum.

This work showed that Trichoderma soil abundance was higher in a vineyard from PDO Bierzo and none Trichoderma was found in 2 vineyards from PDO Ribera del Duero. A Principal Component analysis was performed to evaluate the possible relationship to physicochemical values of soil and presence of Trichoderma. We obtained that extractable iron was positively correlated (p<0.05) to Trichoderma populations in soil and pH was negatively correlated (p<0.05) to the presence of Trichoderma in soil. Also, autochthonous strains showed a significant in vitro biocontrol against the pathogen P. minimum.

These results indicate that populations of Trichoderma in soil could be used as biological control agents in soil and are influenced by abiotic conditions.

Thanks to Pago de Carraovejas winery and the project LOWPHWINE, reference IDI-20210391.

References:

1)  Carro-Huerga. et al. (2023) Vineyard Management and Physicochemical Parameters of Soil Affect Native Trichoderma Populations, Sources of Biocontrol Agents against Phaeoacremonium minimum. Plants 202312(4), 887, https://doi.org/10.3390/plants12040887

DOI:

Publication date: October 9, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Carro-Huerga G.1, Zanfaño L.1, Mayo-Prieto S. 1, Rodríguez-González A. 1, Gutiérrez S. 2, Casquero P.A.1

1Grupo de Investigación de Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible. Instituto de Medio Ambiente, Recursos Naturales y Biodiversidad, Universidad de León Av. Portugal 41, 24071 León, España.
2Grupo Universitario de Investigación en Ingeniería y Agricultura Sostenible (GUIIAS), Área de Microbiología, Escuela de Ingeniería Agraria y Forestal, Campus de Ponferrada, Universidad de León, Avenida Astorga s/n, 24400 Ponferrada, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

soil, biological control agent, in vitro assays

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Decoupling the effects of water and heat stress on Sauvignon blanc berries

Climate changes have important consequences in viticulture, heat waves accompanied by periods of drought are encountered more and more frequently. This study aims to evaluate the single and combined effect of water deficit and high temperatures on the thiol precursors biosynthesis in Sauvignon blanc grapes. For this purpose, a protocol has been developed for the cultivation of berries on a solid substrate. The berries, collected at three different times starting from veraison and grown in vitro, were subjected to 4 different treatments: control (C), water stress (WS), heat stress (HS), combined water and heat stress (WSHS). Water stress was simulated by adding abscisic acid to the culture medium, while different temperatures, respectively 25°C and 35°C, were managed with two illuminated climatic chambers.

A sensometabolomic approach to understand wine mouthfeel percepts

Targeted analytical methods can overlook compounds that are a priori unknown to play a role in the mouthfeel sensations. This limitation can be overcome with the information provided by untargeted metabolomic analysis using UPLC‐QTOF-MS. To this end, an untargeted metabolomic approach applied to 42 red wines has allowed development of a model with predictive capacity by cross-validation for the “dry”, “oily” and “unctuous” sensations perceived by a sensory panel. The optimal PLS model for “dry” retained compounds with positive regression coefficients (≥ 0.17) including a trimer procyanidin, a peptide, and four anthocyanins.

Identification of important genomic regions controlling resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in Vitis sp. through QTL meta-analysis

In the context of global change, the environmental conditions are expected to be more stressful for viticulture. The choice of the rootstock may play a crucial role to improve the adaptation of viticulture to new biotic and abiotic threats (Ollat et al., 2016). However, the selection of interesting traits in rootstock breeding programs is complex because of the combination of multiple targets in a same ideotype. In this sense, the integration of studies about the genetic architecture for desired biotic and abiotic response traits allow us to identify genomic regions to combine and those with interesting pleiotropic effects.

Pre-breeding for developing heat stress resilient grape varieties to ensure yield 

Climate change has numerous detrimental consequences and creates new challenges for viticulture around the world. Transitory or constant high temperatures frequently associated with an excess of sunlight (UV) can cause a variety of physiological disorders, such as sunburn. Diverse environmental factors and the plant’s response mechanisms to stress determine the symptoms. Grapevine berry sunburn leads to a drastic reduction in yield, and may eventually decline berry quality. Consequently, this poses a significant risk to the winegrowers.

Metabolomic profiling of heat-stressed grape berries 

The projected rise in mean air temperatures together with the frequency, intensity, and length of heat waves in many wine-growing regions worldwide will deeply impact grape berry development and quality. Several studies have been conducted and a large set of molecular data was produced to better understand the impact of high temperatures on grape berry development and metabolism[1]. According to these data, it is highly likely that the metabolomic dynamics could be strongly modulated by heat stress (HS).