GiESCO 2019 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 GiESCO 9 GiESCO 2019 9 Climate change 9 Changes in flavonol profile are a reliable indicator to assess the exposure of red grape berries to solar radiation and canopy architecture

Changes in flavonol profile are a reliable indicator to assess the exposure of red grape berries to solar radiation and canopy architecture

Abstract

Context and purpose of the study ‐ Exposure to solar radiation affects berry composition through photomorphogenesis or changes in temperature. Flavonol synthesis is upregulated by UV‐B radiation leaving a fingerprint on flavonol profile. This study aimed to test the factors affecting flavonol accumulation and profile and their potential as an indicator to assess the overall exposure of red wine grape berry to solar radiation.

Material and methods ‐ We performed three experiments to study the response of flavonol accumulation and profile to (1) three different solar radiation exclusion treatments (shading nets) during berry development; (2) canopy porosity and leaf area index (LAI); and (3) natural variability of vine vigour and canopy management practices.

Results ‐ Results showed a strong relationship between global radiation, inverse dormant pruning weights or canopy porosity (inversely proportional to LAI) and % kaempferol or % quercetin. Furthermore, the increase in concentration of the above two flavonols was associated with a reduction of % myricetin. Total flavonol content, % kaempferol, % quercetin and % myricetin had significant correlations with inverse dormant pruning weights, but these were less sensitive to over‐ripening or water deficits. Flavonol profile was associated to site hydrology (wetness index) through changes in vigour, and to LAI; and responded to shoot thinning or fruit‐zone leaf removal. Flavonol profile was also correlated to the maximal temperature reached by the clusters. These results support the reliability of the flavonol profile as an assessment parameter for studies aiming to discuss canopy architecture or the effect of solar radiation on grapevine berries.

DOI:

Publication date: June 19, 2020

Issue: GiESCO 2019

Type: Article

Authors

Johann MARTÍNEZ‐LÜSCHER (1), Luca BRILLANTE (2,3), S. Kaan KURTURAL (1)

(1) Department of Viticulture and Enology University of California, Davis, U.S.A.
(2) Department of Viticulture and Enology California State University, Fresno, U.S.A.

Contact the author

Keywords

flavonoids, solar radiation, temperature, fruit ripening, grape composition, precision agriculture, UV‐B radiation

Tags

GiESCO 2019 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Evaluation of the enological potential of red grapes in southern Brazil

The Campanha Gaúcha is located in the pampa biome and has unique characteristics, as it is the hottest producing region with the lowest volume of rain in Southern Brazil. Furthermore, the large extensions of flat or low-sloping areas, harsh winters and great sunshine during the ripening period, made this the second largest producer of fine wines in Brazil.

Metabolomic profiling of heat-stressed grape berries 

The projected rise in mean air temperatures together with the frequency, intensity, and length of heat waves in many wine-growing regions worldwide will deeply impact grape berry development and quality. Several studies have been conducted and a large set of molecular data was produced to better understand the impact of high temperatures on grape berry development and metabolism[1]. According to these data, it is highly likely that the metabolomic dynamics could be strongly modulated by heat stress (HS).

Exploring the inner secrets of grapevine: a journey through plant-microbe interactions

Throughout centuries of anthropocentric breeding, plants have been selectively bred to enhance their quality traits and yield, often overlooking the importance of neglected attributes, like those involved in the interactions with beneficial microorganisms. This phenomenon led to an alteration in the distribution of photosynthetic products, shifting from defence mechanisms to growth, commonly described as ‘domestication syndrome’. Addressing the losses stemming from this condition is imperative just as unravelling the concealed communication between grapevines and beneficial microorganisms.

Understanding aroma loss during partial wine dealcoholization by vacuum distillation

Dealcoholization of wine has gained increasing attention as consumer preferences shift toward lower-alcohol or
alcohol-free beverages. This process meets key demands, including health-conscious lifestyles, regulatory
compliance, and the expanding non-alcoholic market [1-3].

Role of PH and its management during vinification on the extraction during maceration and on the evolution during ageing of the phenolic compounda of red wine

Climatic changes cause significant variations in the composition of grapes. for red grapes, a mismatch between phenolic and technological ripening is often observed. There is also often a marked increase in pH and a reduction in fixed acids, which affect the stability and evolution of the wine during ageing. These experiments will provide more information on the role of pH during the winemaking of red wines on the extraction and evolution of phenolic compounds.