 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Grapevine diversity and viticultural practices for sustainable grape growing 9 The effects of canopy side on the chemical composition of merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon, and Carmenère (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes during ripening

The effects of canopy side on the chemical composition of merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon, and Carmenère (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes during ripening

Abstract

AIM: Evaluating the effects of canopy side on the chemical composition of Merlot, Cabernet-Sauvignon and Carmenère fruit during ripening of a Vertical shoot positioning, VSP, trained experimental vineyard with north-south row orientation.

METHODS: Cabernet-Sauvignon, Carmenère, and Merlot grapes were harvested from a VSP trained experimental vineyard with north-south row orientation, located in the O’Higgins Region of Chile (34°20’06.9″S 70°47’54.3″W). For each cultivar, three representative rows were selected, and 200 berries were randomly collected in a 50 m span, keeping samples of both sides of the canopy separated. Samplings were carried out fortnightly from the veraison to the harvest (i.e., 0, 7, 21, 35 and 49, days post veraison). Soluble solids, titratable acidity, and pH were measured according to OIV-MA-AS313-01 and OIV-MA- AS313-15 methodologies. The content of glucose, fructose, malic acid, and tartaric acid in juices were analyzed by commercial enzymatic kits. Phenolic extracts were obtained by ultrasound maceration in a 50% ethanol-water mixture from which condensed tannins by the methylcellulose precipitation assay, total phenolics by Folin-Cioacalteu, and low molecular weight phenolics by HPLC-DAD were analyzed.

RESULTS: Contrary to some investigations, our results did not show major differences in fruit composition between the varieties and canopy side, particularly when major juice parameters such as sugars or acids were analyzed. Like so, the phenolics extracts did not show statistical differences when total phenolics or condensed tannins were compared according to canopy side but was possible to identify differences and highest phenolic amount within Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot compared to Carmenère; however, some of the low molecular weight phenolics significantly differ when varieties from different sides of the canopy were analyzed. For instance, catechin was significatively higher in fruit from the westside of the canopy in Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot, whilst east facing cluster from the three varieties had higher malvidin-3-glucoside concentration. Besides the prior, significant differences in the concentration of phenolics lengthwise the ripening, were observed for the tree varieties under study.

CONCLUSIONS:

Under the conditions of this study, only minor differences on fruit composition by varieties and canopy side were observed, particularly when it comes to low molecular weight phenolics.

DOI:

Publication date: September 2, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Paula A. Peña-Martínez, Liudis L. PINO María A. NAVARRO, Felipe LAURIE

Universidad de Talca, Chile.

Contact the author

Keywords

canopy side, phenolics, Cabernet-Sauvignon, Merlot, Carmenère

Citation

Landscapes of the wine: the four seasons of herault

Les paysages participent à l’identité des vins de l’Hérault, avec une grande richesse de diversité. Leur observation, au travers des quatre saisons, s’appuie sur deux dimensions primordiales : la genèse de leur construction par l’homme et l’esthétique. L’hiver est la saison la plus favorable au décryptage de ce vignoble étagé, du littoral méditerranéen aux premières pentes du Massif Central; il permet de lire l’histoire des stratégies viticoles des vignerons. Les autres saisons sensibilisent plus à la beauté de vignobles dans des écrins de végétation typiquement méditerranéenne. La multiplicité des pratiques culturales et des cépages contribue à cet attrait. L’incitation au parcours, en toute saison, est très forte grâce au réseau des routes et des chemins de vigne.

1H NMR spectroscopy data to discriminate Petit verdot wines from three different soil types in the São Francisco valley, Brazil

Tropical wines have been produced in the São Francisco river Valley thirty years ago, in the Northeast of Brazil. The main grape cultivar used for red tropical wines is ‘Syrah’, but wines have presented fast evolution, if they were made in the first or second semester, due to the high values of pH in grapes and wines and high climate temperatures.

Innovative strategies for reducing astringency in Mandilaria wines

Mandilaria, a red grape variety indigenous to the Aegean islands, is well known for its robust tannins and pronounced astringency, which can challenge the palatability and marketability of its wines. The aim of this study was the reduction of astringency in wines made exclusively from mandilaria grapes through dehydrations practices and targeted winery applications.

Typicité et terroir : importance relative du type de sol et du niveau de maturité dans la typologie sensorielle du vin

Le lien fonctionnel entre typicité et terroir a été étudié en prenant en compte deux dimensions importantes : le type de sol et la date de vendanges. Ces deux facteurs sont, à des degrés divers

Water deficit impacts grape development without dramatically changing thiol precursor levels

The use of new fungus disease-tolerant grapevine varieties is a long-term and promising solution to reduce chemical input in viticulture. However, little is known about the effects of water deficit (WD) on the thiol aromatic potential of new varieties coming up from breeding programs. Varietal thiols such as 3-sulfanylhexan-ol (3SH), 4-methyl-4-sulfanylpentan-2-one (4MSP) and their derivatives are powerful aromatic compounds present in wines coming from odorless precursors in grapes, and could contribute to the wine typicity of such varieties.