Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to study and model the impact of the polyphenolic profile on the stability and quality of wine aroma during oxidative aging. Aromas considered in the study are grape-derived varietal aromas, such as linalool, geraniol and 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN), yeast-released varietal mercaptans, such as 4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanone (4MMP), 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (MHA) and 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3MH)) and also oxidation-related aroma compounds, such as acetaldehyde and Strecker aldehydes: isobutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, methional and phenylacetaldehyde. Fifteen aromatic phenolic fractions (FFAs) were extracted from garnacha, moristel and tempranillo grapes; FFAs were chemically characterized and were further reconstituted with water, alcohol, metal cations, amino acids and polyfunctional mercaptans so that differences were limited to the polyphenolic profile and to levels of precursors to varietal aroma compounds. Reconstituted samples were supplied with oxygen (50 mg/L) and aged during 35 days at 35ºC. Results show that the accumulation of acetaldehyde is uniform and very low in all the FFAs, confirming previous results about the low accumulation of this compound during oxidation. Nevertheless, acetaldehyde accumulation seems to be correlated with the sum of phenolic acids. Accumulation of Strecker aldehydes between samples differs by a 2.5 factor, with much higher levels in reconstitutions with FFAs from Garnacha and Moristel varieties. Levels of Strecker aldehydes were positively correlated to the sum of flavanols, phenolic acids and with the percentage of unpigmented tannins. Also, they appear to be negatively correlated with color, pigmented and total tannin concentrations and delphinidins. Polyfunctional mercaptans reacted spontaneously even in anoxia, so that final levels were significant only in unoxidized controls. In these samples, levels between different FFAs differed by factors of up to 2.6 and were negatively correlated to the contents of unpigmented tannins. The other varietal aromas (linalool, geraniol and TDN), were not affected by oxidation. All of this demonstrates that the phenolic composition plays a crucial role in the development of Strecker aldehydes during oxidative aging, likely due the differential reactivity of the quinones formed. The strong reactivity of wine polyphenols to polyfunctional mercaptans was not expected and should be further studied.

DOI:

Publication date: September 14, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Elena Bueno-Aventín

Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry. E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain,Vicente Ferreira-González, Ana Escudero-Carra   Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry. E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

polyphenol; acetaldehyde; aldehydes; polyfunctional mercaptans; oxidation

Citation

Related articles…

Use of ultrasounds to accelerate aging on lees of red wines

Aging on lees (AOL) is a powerful technique to protect varietal aroma and color. Simultaneously, helps to soften tannins and increase and improve wine body and structure. AOL is complementary to barrel aging modulating the wood impact and protecting wine from oxidative conditions.

The wine: a never-ending source of H2S and methanethiol

Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), mainly hydrogen sulfide and methanethiol (H2S and MeSH), are the responsible for reductive off-odor in wine.

Use of the soils information system for detailed vineyard soil surveys and as a component of precision viticulture

Vineyard soil surveys can be costly and time consuming. The Soils Information System (SIS) provides a set of tools to do a quick evaluation of soil physical properties in the vineyard. First, a system equipped with GPS and EM38 equipment, provides a very precise DEM and a soil electrical conductivity map. Specific sampling points are located for a tractor-mounted geotechnical probe to make soil physical measurements.

«Observatoire Mourvèdre»: statistical modelling of quality for Cv. Mourvèdre

Vine cultivar Mourvèdre is present all around the Mediterranean area and is interesting for its tannins and the specificity of its aromas.

Analysis of the daily minimum temperatures variability in the Casablanca Valley, Chile

The Casablanca Valley (CV) has a complex topography and is located near the Pacific Ocean. These factors generate important climatic differences in relation to other wine producing zones of Central Chile.

Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Abstract

Content of the article

References

Section for all references

DOI:

Publication date: September 14, 2021

Issue: (ex: Issue: Terclim 2023)

Type: typeofpublication

Authors

author1, author2, author3

Presenting author

Description

List of affiliations ¹ ² ³

Contact the author

Email address (with mailto: link)

Keywords

List of different keywords (keyword1, keyword2, keyword3)

Tags

Citation

Related articles…

DO MICROPLASTICS IN VINEYARD SOIL AFFECT THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF VINE NUTRITION?

Microplastics can alter physicochemical and biogeochemical processes in the soil, but whether these changes have further effects on soil fertility, and if so, whether these effects vary depending on the type of soil in the vineyard and the type of plastic used in the vineyard. Knowing what types of plastics are currently used in vineyards in Slovenian viticultural regions as strings to tie vines to the stake, the aim of our study was to assess the effects of microplastic particles from polypropylene (PP) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) on the availability of macro (potassium (K), Potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphate (P)) and micronutrients (iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn)) in two vineyard soils contrasting in pH and mineralogy. For this purpose, a short-term soil incubation experiment (120 days) was carried out in which the soil samples were enriched with micro-PP and micro-PVC particles. After the incubation period, macro- and micronutrient availability were measured.

White grape must processed by UHPH as an alternative to SO2 addition: Effect on the phenolic composition in three varieties

The quantity and distribution of polyphenols in musts play a fundamental role in the white winemaking. This is because these substances are exposed to oxidation reactions, which are catalysed by the polyphenol oxidase (PPO), leading to a decrease in the quality of the wines produced. PPO is inactivated by SO2, but currently, due to the restrictions of the legislation, other methodologies are being investigated. Ultra-High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH) is a non-thermal physic technology that exerts an ultrahigh pressure pumping (>200 MPa) of a fluid through a valve in a continuous system.

Geostatistical analysis of the vineyards in the canton of Geneva in relation to soil and climate

Soil and climate maps at the 1:10000 scales exist for more than 12’000 ha of Swiss vineyards. The use of these maps as consulting tools for growers remains difficult due to the complexity

Novel table grape varieties as “ready-to-eat” products

Consumers are increasingly requesting ready-to-eat products, which are time-saving and convenient. Offering ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables represents a quick and easy way for any consumer to add healthy products to their diet. In this study, we evaluated the aptitude of several table grape varieties to be included in the processing and packaging lines of ready-to-eat products. The following work was based on the characterization of genetic materials and varietal innovation.

Optimisation de la fertilisation du Cot sur le Causse de l’Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée Cahors

The Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée area of ​​Cahors (Lot) covers an area of ​​21,700 ha, spread over 45 municipalities, of which only 4,300 are planted with vines. The main grape variety of this AOC is the Cot noir which represents 70% of the grape varieties, thus giving their typicality to the wines of this region; but despite this importance, to our knowledge, its physiology has remained relatively unstudied.