Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to study and model the impact of the polyphenolic profile on the stability and quality of wine aroma during oxidative aging. Aromas considered in the study are grape-derived varietal aromas, such as linalool, geraniol and 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronaphthalene (TDN), yeast-released varietal mercaptans, such as 4-mercapto-4-methyl-2-pentanone (4MMP), 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (MHA) and 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3MH)) and also oxidation-related aroma compounds, such as acetaldehyde and Strecker aldehydes: isobutyraldehyde, 2-methylbutyraldehyde, isovaleraldehyde, methional and phenylacetaldehyde. Fifteen aromatic phenolic fractions (FFAs) were extracted from garnacha, moristel and tempranillo grapes; FFAs were chemically characterized and were further reconstituted with water, alcohol, metal cations, amino acids and polyfunctional mercaptans so that differences were limited to the polyphenolic profile and to levels of precursors to varietal aroma compounds. Reconstituted samples were supplied with oxygen (50 mg/L) and aged during 35 days at 35ºC. Results show that the accumulation of acetaldehyde is uniform and very low in all the FFAs, confirming previous results about the low accumulation of this compound during oxidation. Nevertheless, acetaldehyde accumulation seems to be correlated with the sum of phenolic acids. Accumulation of Strecker aldehydes between samples differs by a 2.5 factor, with much higher levels in reconstitutions with FFAs from Garnacha and Moristel varieties. Levels of Strecker aldehydes were positively correlated to the sum of flavanols, phenolic acids and with the percentage of unpigmented tannins. Also, they appear to be negatively correlated with color, pigmented and total tannin concentrations and delphinidins. Polyfunctional mercaptans reacted spontaneously even in anoxia, so that final levels were significant only in unoxidized controls. In these samples, levels between different FFAs differed by factors of up to 2.6 and were negatively correlated to the contents of unpigmented tannins. The other varietal aromas (linalool, geraniol and TDN), were not affected by oxidation. All of this demonstrates that the phenolic composition plays a crucial role in the development of Strecker aldehydes during oxidative aging, likely due the differential reactivity of the quinones formed. The strong reactivity of wine polyphenols to polyfunctional mercaptans was not expected and should be further studied.

DOI:

Publication date: September 14, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Elena Bueno-Aventín

Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry. E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain,Vicente Ferreira-González, Ana Escudero-Carra   Laboratory for Aroma Analysis and Enology (LAAE), Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry. E-50009, Zaragoza, Spain

Contact the author

Keywords

polyphenol; acetaldehyde; aldehydes; polyfunctional mercaptans; oxidation

Citation

Related articles…

Origin of unpleasant smelling sulphur compounds during wine fermentation

The wine sector is undergoing considerable transformation, particularly as a result of climate change and increasing consumer expectations for quality products, in a globalised and increasingly competitive market.

Key learnings about the chemical bases of wine uniqueness and quality, essential companions for future developments

This presentation aims to demonstrate that the value attributed to wine as we today know it is based on three factors: 1) sensory balance, 2) personality, and 3) bioactivity.

Influence of withering on valpolicella docgs grapes volatile composition

The blend of grapes used in the production of the four Valpolicella PDOs red wines, namely Valpolicella, Valpolicella Classico Superiore, Recioto della Valpolicella and Amarone della Valpolicella is quite unique, and includes two main varieties Corvina and Corvinone, and other minor varieties. To a very large extent all these grapes are only grown in the province of Verona. One of the main characteristics of Valpolicella is the use of grapes that are submitted to post-harvest withering. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the evolution of the free and glycosidically-bound volatile compounds in Corvina and Corvinone grapes under real production conditions.

Impact of winemaking practises on the formation of pinking

The pinking is a phenomenon that can occur in white wine produced with white grape causing the color change from yellow to red-salmon hue. Even if its appearance is highly variable and dependent to the vintage, the wines from certain grape varieties, such as Sauvignon blanc, Chardonnay, Riesling and Trebbiano di Lugana, have been identified to be more susceptible to the pinking.

Enhancing the color traits of ‘Nebbiolo’ and ‘Dolcetto’ grapes: the role of abscisic acid during ripening

The red Italian variety Nebbiolo (Vitis vinifera L.), used in the production of the prestigious Barolo and Barbaresco wines, is renowned for its aromatic and structural complexity but also for its low color intensity.

Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Relevance of the polyphenolic profile during oxidative aging in the accumulation and disappearance of oxidative and varietal aromas

Abstract

Content of the article

References

Section for all references

DOI:

Publication date: September 14, 2021

Issue: (ex: Issue: Terclim 2023)

Type: typeofpublication

Authors

author1, author2, author3

Presenting author

Description

List of affiliations ¹ ² ³

Contact the author

Email address (with mailto: link)

Keywords

List of different keywords (keyword1, keyword2, keyword3)

Tags

Citation

Related articles…

Colored hail‐nets as a tool to improve vine water status: effects on leaf gas exchange and berry quality in Italia table grape

Protecting table grape vineyards with white hail‐nets is a common practice in Southern Italy. Hail‐nets result in shading effects of 10‐20 %, depending on their density

Simplifying the measurement of different forms of cu in wines and strategies for efficient removal

Copper (Cu) is known to substantially impact wine stability through oxidative, reductive or colloidal phenomena. Recent work has shown that Cu exists predominantly in a sulfide-bound form, which may act as a potential source of sulfidic off-odours in wine and hence contribute to reductive flavours

CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF A POLYPHENOLIC EXTRACT OBTAINED BY GREEN SUPERCRITICAL CO₂ EXTRACTION FROM RED GRAPE POMACE

Upgrading wine industry solid wastes is considered as one of the main strategies to support the circular economy. Red grape pomaces constitute a rich source of polyphenols, which have been shown to possess antioxidant properties and to provide benefits for human and animal health. The objective of this work was to obtain and characterise polyphenolic extracts from red grape pomaces via green supercritical CO₂ extraction using ethanol as a co-solvent, and to evaluate their antibacterial activity against susceptible and multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli strains of animal intestinal origin.

Consistency of the hydraulic traits and stomatal responses in grapevines with contrasting hydraulic vulnerability

Different from wild species in arid and semiarid conditions, cultivated species are very sensitive to drought and, beyond some stress thresholds, food production is not possible

Développement du concept d’Appellation d’Origine Contrôlée et d’Indication Géographique

L’identification des produits par le nom de la ville, de la région, de la province d’origine d’un produit tend aujourd’hui à se développer partout dans le monde et notamment dans le secteur agro-alimentaire, mais aussi dans les secteurs des produits artisanaux.