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IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Open-GPB 9 Category: Open-GPB-2024 ( Page 10 )

Proceedings of the Open International Conference on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology 2024

Discover the abstracts and posters presented during the Open International Conference on Grapevine Physiology and Biotechnology 2024 (Open-GPB2024), held in Logroño, La Rioja, Spain, from July 7th to 11th, 2024. This conference is organised by the Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV).

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Advances in omics and big data

Haplotype-Resolved genome assembly of the Microvine

Developing a tractable genetic engineering and gene editing system is an essential tool for grapevine. We initiated a plant transformation and biotechnology program at Oregon State University using the grape microvine system (V. vinifera) in 2018 to interrogate gene-to-trait relationships using traditional genetic engineering and gene editing. The microvine model is also used for nanomaterial-assisted RNP, DNA, and RNA delivery. Most reference genomes and annotations for grapevine are collapsed assemblies of homologous chromosomes and do not represent the specific microvine cultivar ‘043023V004’ under study at our institution.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Advances in omics and big data

Harnessing whole genome sequencing data to predict protein structure and function variation in grapevine

Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is amongst the world’s most cultivated fruit crops, and of global and economic significance, producing a wide variety of grape-derived products, including wine, and table grapes. The genus Vitis, encompassing approximately 70 naturally occurring inter-fertile species, exhibits extensive genetic and phenotypic diversity, highlighted by the global cultivation of thousands of predominantly Vitis vinifera cultivars. Despite the importance of harnessing its naturally occurring genetic diversity to pursue traits of interest, especially considering the continued and growing demand for sustainable high-quality grape production, the systematic characterization of available functional genetic variants remains limited.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Abiotic interactions

Heat-stress responses regulated via a MYB24-MYC2 complex

Throughout the growing season, grapevine frequently encounters environmental challenges associated with heat and light radiation stress, especially during the ripening stage, thereby constraining the yield and quality of berries. MYB24 has been previously proposed to control light responses during late fruit ripening stages, and it has been found to require the co-factor MYC2. We have generated transcriptomic data from grapevine leaves transiently co-transformed with MYB24 and MYC2. Differential expression analysis revealed 179 up-regulated genes (URGs). Considering tissue specificity, where MYB24 is specifically and highly expressed in flowers and late-ripening berries, the expression of these URGs was explored using a previously published Berry Development Atlas gathering berry development data of cv. ‘Pinot Noir’ and ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ in different vintages.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Advances in precision viticulture and phenotyping

High throughput winter pruning weight estimation based on wood volume evaluation 

There is currently a real need to improve and speed-up phenotyping in experimental set-ups to increase the number of modalities studied. Accurate information acquisition on plant status with high-throughput capacity is the main appeal of on-board systems.
A proximal sensing camera for a proxy of winter pruning weight was tested. We estimated the shoot volume of the vine by image analysis using algorithms that integrate the local shoot section area estimate along the shoot skeleton obtained by a morphological distance transform.
The study was carried out on the GreffAdapt experimental vineyard in Guyot simple training and a canopy management using vertical trellising. The planting density is 6250 vines/ha with a row spacing of 1.6×1m. Five scions grafted onto 55 rootstocks are present and the combination rootstock×scion is different every five plants.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Oral - Advances in precision viticulture and phenotyping

High-resolution aerial thermography for water stress estimation in grapevines

Aerial thermography has emerged as a promising tool for water stress detection in grapevines, but there are still challenges associated with this technology, particularly concerning the methodology employed to extract reliable canopy temperature values. This consideration is relevant especially in vertically trained vineyards, due to the presence of multiple surfaces which are captured by drone thermal cameras with high-resolution. To test the technology and the data analysis required, a field study was conducted during the 2022-2023 season in a model vineyard with multiple scions-rootstock combinations trained on a vertical shoot-positioning (VSP) system. Additionally, three irrigation regimes were implemented to introduce variability in water stress levels.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Oral - Biotic interactions

Hormonal and associated metabolic changes in susceptible harvest-ripe grapes under asymptomatic and symptomatic Esca disease

Esca complex is a disease affecting grapevine trunks, characterized by the colonization of the wood by xylem-residing fungi (Phaeomoniella chlamydospora, Phaeoacremonium minimum and Fomitiporia mediterranea), and posing significant risks to vineyard longevity since no efficient treatment is available. Despite its prevalence, the mechanisms beyond symptomatic manifestations like interveinal chlorosis and leaf necrosis remain unclear. Preliminary findings indicated a more pronounced metabolic reprogramming in fruits compared to vegetative organs and a putative impact on wine quality by using fruits from symptomatic grapevines.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Oral - Advances in omics and big data

How sensor technologies combined with artificial intelligence increase the efficiency in grapevine breeding (research): current developments and future perspectives

Viticulture and grapevine breeding programs have to face and adapt to the rapidly changing growing conditions due to the ongoing climate change, the scarcity of resources and the demand for sustainability within the whole value chain of wine production. In times of highly effective and cost-efficient genotyping technologies routinely applied in plant research and breeding, the need for comparable high-speed and high-resolution phenotyping tools has increased substantially. The disciplines of grapevine research, breeding and precision viticulture picked up this demand – mostly independent from each other – by the development, validation and establishment of different sensor technologies in order to extend management strategies or to transform labor-intensive and expensive phenotyping.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Advances in precision viticulture and phenotyping

Hyperspectral imaging and machine learning for monitoring grapevine physiology

Rootstocks are gaining importance in viticulture as a strategy to combat abiotic challenges, as well as enhancing scion physiology and attributes. Therefore, understanding how the rootstock affects photosynthesis is insightful for genetic improvement of either genotype in the grafted grapevines. Photosynthetic parameters such as maximum rate of carboxylation of RuBP (Vcmax) and the maximum rate of electron transport driving RuBP regeneration (Jmax) have been identified as ideal targets for breeding and genetic studies. However, techniques used to directly measure these photosynthetic parameters are limited to the single leaf level and are time-consuming measurements.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Poster - Abiotic interactions

Identifying physiological and genetic bases of grapevine adaptation to climate change with maintained quality: Genome diversity as a driver for phenotypic plasticity  (‘PlastiVigne’ project)

In the face of climate change, new grapevine varieties will have to show an adaptive phenotypic plasticity to maintain production with erratic water resources, and still ensure the quality of the final product. Their selection requires a better knowledge of the genetic basis of those traits and of the elementary processes involved in their variability. ‘PlastiVigne’, an emblematic project of the Vinid'Occ key challenge, funded by the Occitanie Region (France), tackles this issue with innovative genomic and physiological tools implemented on a unique panel of grape genetic resources representing the genetic diversity of Vitis vinifera. A graph-pangenome is developed from a representative set of high-quality genomes to study the extent and impact of structural genome variations and chromosomal rearrangements in the rapid adaptation capacity of grapevine.

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IVES Conference SeriesOpen-GPBOpen-GPB-2024Oral - Fruit and wine yield and composition

Impact of canopy management on thiol precursors in white grapes: a six-year field study

The mechanisms behind thiol precursor accumulation in grapes remain incompletely understood, nor are the ways in which they can be improved by agronomic practices. A six-year field trial studied the physiological response of the Swiss white cultivar Vitis vinifera Arvine, rich in varietal thiols and precursors, to canopy management, i.e. leaf removal and canopy height.. Five treatments were set up in a randomized block design to assess the impacts of 1) pre-flowering LR (i.e. pre-flowering or full-flowering stages) and 2) compensating for the leaf area removed in the cluster zone by increasing the trimming height (i.e. 100 or 150 cm canopy height), compared with a non-defoliated control treatment.
Intensive pre-flowering LR severely reduced yield potential (–47% on average) and reduced the concentration of 3-mercaptohexanol precursors (P-3MH) in the must (–21%; p-value < 0.10).

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