IVAS 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 Skin And Seed Extracts Differently Behave Towards Salivary Proteins

Skin And Seed Extracts Differently Behave Towards Salivary Proteins

Abstract

Background: Polyphenols extracted from skins and seeds showed different sensory attributes including astringency and bitterness. In previous studies, it has been demonstrated that extracts obtained either from skins or seeds interact differently with salivary proteins. Red grape winemaking consists of a maceration of the whole berries in which both skins and seeds are mixed together; however, no information on the mutual influence that skins and seeds could have on the reactivity towards saliva of hydroalcoholic extracts is known. In this study, five different  wine model solutions were prepared: the first one contained only skins (Sk), the second one contained only seeds (Sd) and the remaining three contained different skin/seed ratios, as detailed below: A (ratio 2:1 skin : seed), B(ratio 1:1 skin : seed) and C (ratio 1:2 skin: seed).

Methods: HPLC analyses were performed to determine the content of total native anthocyanins, acetaldehyde and polymeric pigments. Iron reactive phenolics, BSA reactive tannins (BSArT), vanillin reactive flavans (VRF) were also determined. The potential astringency of red samples was evaluated in vitro by the Saliva Precipitation index (SPI), which measures the reactivity of salivary proteins towards wine polyphenols.

Results: The results obtained in this experiment highlighted important differences in the behavior of the samples as a function of the different skin:seed ratio. When skins and seeds  were simultaneously present (samples A, B and C), a significant lower content of anthocyanins with respect to Sk was observed. This was likely due to a possible adsorption of pigments on cell walls contained in pomaces. As the amount  of seeds increased in the solutions containing also skins, the content of VRF, BSArT, PP and acetaldehyde linearly increased. After 24 months of aging under controlled conditions, all the trends observed at 0 time were confirmed and appeared to be enhanced. Concerning the interactions toward salivary proteins, as expected, sample Sd showed the highest SPI. Surprisingly, when skins were added to a model solution containing seeds, a decrease of SPI occurred, although VRF and BSArT increased. This suggests that  anthocyanins and polymeric pigments in A, B and C samples determined a lower reactivity of compounds contained in the whole solution towards saliva proteins. SPI values are not correlated to the amount of VRF and BSArT in the samples.

Conclusion:

Results of our study highlighted not only the important role of the skin:seed ratio in regulating the extraction of compounds from berries, but also that of anthocyanins extracted from skins in decreasing the reactivity of grape compounds towards saliva.

DOI:

Publication date: June 24, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

Type: Poster

Authors

Errichiello Francesco1, Guerriero Antonio1, Picariello Luigi1, Coppola Francesca1, Rinaldi Alessandra1,2, Forino Martino1 and Gambuti Angelita1

1Department of Agricultural Sciences, Grape and Wine Science Division, University of Naples Federico II
2Biolaffort, 126 Quai de la Souys, 33100 Bordeaux, France

Contact the author

Keywords

skin/seed extract; anthocyanins; polymeric pigments; astringency.

Tags

IVAS 2022 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Effect of ultraviolet B radiation on pathogenic molds of grapes

The fungicidal effect of UV-C radiation (100-280 nm wavelength) is well known, but its applicability for the control of pathogenic molds of grapes is conditioned by its effect on the host and by the risks inherent in its handling[1].
As an alternative, the effect in vitro of UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) on the main pathogenic molds of grapes has been studied: Botrytis cinerea, Aspergillus niger, Penicillium expansum and Rhizopus stolonifer.

Estudio de la adaptación y del comportamiento productivo y enológico de variedades blancas foráneas en la zona vitícola del Penedés

Estudio comparativo del comportamiento de ocho variedades de viníferas blancas en el Penedés, injertadas sobre los portainjertos 41-B y 110-R.
Se describen los comportamientos

Hyperspectral imaging and Raman spectroscopy, nondestructive methods to assess wine grape composition

Grape composition is of high interest for producing quality wines. For that, grape analyses are necessary, and they still require sample preparation, whether with classical analyses or with NIR analyses.

Screening sensory-directed methodology for the selection of non-saccharomyces wine yeasts based on perceived aroma quality

The present work contributes by developing a rapid sensory-directed methodology for the screening and selection of high quality wines with different sensory profiles Therefore, Verdejo and Tempranillo musts were fermented with 50 different yeasts each under controlled laboratory conditions. Resulting samples were firstly categorized according to five levels of quality by a panel of wine professionals (Sáenz-Navajas, Ballester et al. 2013). Higher quality samples were described by flash profiling by a semi-trained panel
(Valentin, Chollet et al. 2012) and most distinctive samples were screened by gas chromatography-olfactometry (GC-O) (López, Aznar et al. 2002).

Il paesaggio delle alberate aversane ed il vino Asprinio

Nel corso del 2009, in alcuni vigneti allevati ad alberata in provincia di Caserta (Italia), è stata avviata una ricerca per valutare la variabilità genetica della popolazione del vitigno ‘Asprinio’, la condizione sanitaria delle piante e le caratteristiche del vino sia rispetto alla forma di allevamento (alberata tradizionale e controspalliera) che all’altezza della fascia produttiva.

IVAS 2022 banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 IVAS 9 IVAS 2022 9 Skin And Seed Extracts Differently Behave Towards Salivary Proteins

Skin And Seed Extracts Differently Behave Towards Salivary Proteins

Abstract

Content of the article

References

Section for all references

DOI:

Publication date: June 24, 2022

Issue: IVAS 2022

Type: typeofthepublication

Authors

author1, author2, author3

Presenting author

Description

List of affiliations ¹ ² ³

Contact the author

Email address (with mailto: link)

Keywords

List of different keywords (keyword1, keyword2, keyword3)

Tags

IVAS 2022 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Saccharomyces cerevisiae intraspecies differentiation by metabolomic signature and sensory patterns in wine

AIM: The composition and quality of wine are directly linked to microorganisms involved in the alcoholic fermentation. Several studies have been conducted on the impact of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on volatile compounds composition after fermentation. However, if different studies have dealt with combined sensory and volatiles analyses, few works have compared so far the impact of distinct yeast strains on the global metabolome of the wine.

NEW METHOD FOR THE QUANTIFICATION OF CONDENSED TANNINS AND OTHER WINE PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS USING THE AUTOMATED BIOSYSTEMS SPICA ANALIZER

Wine phenolic compounds are important secondary metabolites in enology due to their antioxidant and nutraceutical properties, and their role in the development of color, taste, and protection of wine from oxidation and spoilage. Tannins are valuable phenolic compounds that contribute significantly to these wine properties, especially in mouthfeel characteristics; however, tannin determination remains a significant challenge, with manual and time-consuming methods or complex methodologies. The purpose of this study is to propose a novel method for quantifying condensed tannins in finished wine products.

Antioxidant activity of grape seed and skin extract during ripening

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important physiological role in the body’s defense and being involved in numerous signaling pathways 1, 2. When the balance between oxidant and antioxidant species is altered in favor of ROS, oxidative stress is generated. In this condition the cells are damaged as the ROS oxidize important cellular components, such as proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and

First characterization of thiol precursors in colombard and gros manseng: comparison of two cultivation practices

AIM: Organic production of wine in the past years has known an important augmentation. This type of cultivation practice switches synthetic phytosanitary product for copper-based protection as fungicide.

Unveiling the impact of seasonal weather and fungicide spraying on vineyard autochthonous yeast populations: implications for Riesling wine quality

Fungicide spraying is a common viticultural practice that occurs throughout the growth season that protects developing vines and bunches against diseases caused by fungi or oomycetes.