terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Abstract

Grapevine cultivation is threatened by the global warming, which combines high temperatures and reduced rainfall, impacting in wine quality and even plant survival. Breeding for varieties resilient to these challenges must address plant traits such as tolerance to supraoptimal temperatures and optimized water use efficiency while minimizing productivity and quality losses. Stomatal abundance (SA) determines the maximum leaf potential for transpiration and thus water loss and cooling. Since SA results from a developmental process during leaf emergence and growth, knowledge on the genetic control of this process would provide specific targets for modification. Several genes controlling stomatal development have been characterized in Arabidopsis. Using translational genomics, we identified in the grapevine reference genome single orthologues of the master stomatal development regulators SPCH, MUTEand FAMA. We complemented Arabidopsis loss-of-function mutants with the grapevine candidate proteins, whose conditional overexpression also produced the expected epidermal phenotypes. The corresponding grapevine gene promoters are also under study. Additionally, we scored SA in 13 grapevine varieties over four consecutive growing seasons, and disclosed substantial SA differences with a strong genetic basis. These varieties were also examined for water use efficiency and physiological performance under drought and irrigation, finding significant varietal differences. Correlating developmental and physiological traits will contribute useful tools for grapevine management and breeding.   

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the PID2019-105362RB-100, SBPLY/21/180501/000144, UCLM intramural grants and EU FEDER funds. PhD grants from JCCM supported AO and JIM.

DOI:

Publication date: October 6, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Mena-Morales A.1*, Martín-Forero A.F.2, Ortega A.2, Saiz-Pérez J.2, Martínez-Gascueña J.1, Chacón-Vozmediano J.L.1, Illescas-Miranda J.2, Fenoll C.2, Mena M. 2

1Regional Institute of Agri-Food and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), IVICAM, Ctra. Toledo-Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso (Ciudad Real), Spain
2 Faculty of Environmental and Biochemistry Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, Technological Campus of the Arms Factory, 45071 Toledo, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

stomatal abundance, stomatal genes, genotypic variation, water use efficiency

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Ecophysiological characterisation of terroir effects on Vitis vinifera L. Chardonnay and pinot noir in south african cool climate regions

Terroir encompasses environmental (climate, geology, soil and topography), genetic (cultivar and clone) and human factors (oenological and viticultural practices). Climate change brings about shifts in the suitability of a region for the growth of specific grapevine cultivars. This study focused on climatic and fruit parameters (berry size, weight, pH, total acidity (TA) and phenolics) to characterise the terroir effect in Vitis vinifera L. cultivars Chardonnay and Pinot Noir vineyards in the Cape South Coast region (Walker Bay and Elgin).

Read More

Detoxification capacities of heavy metals and pesticides by yeasts 

Winegrowing is still characterized by the extensive use of chemical fertilizers and plant protection products, despite strong recommendations to limit these practices. A part of these xenobiotics and metals are then found in grape juice and wine, causing a major health concern, as well as negatively affecting the fermentation process. In recent years, there has been renewed interest in non-Saccharomyces yeasts. These species have a wide phenotypic diversity, which would be exploited to broaden the aromatic palette of wines.

Read More

Late winter pruning induces a maturity delay under temperature-increased conditions in cv. Merlot from Chile

Chile is considered vulnerable to climate change; and these phenomena affect several mechanisms in the grape physiology and quality. The global temperature increase affects sugar contents, organic acids, and phenolic compounds in grapes, producing an imbalance maturity. In this sense, an alternative to reduce the impact is to perform pruning after vine budburst, known as “Late Pruning” (LP).

Read More

Addition of glutathione-rich inactivated yeasts to white musts: effects on wine composition and sensory quality

Glutathione plays a key role in preventing some oxidative processes during winemaking. This molecule limits the must enzymatic oxidation, reacts with caffeic acid and generates a colourless compound that prevents subsequent browning. It also has a protective effect on wine aroma, preventing the oxidation of the volatile compounds with a high sensory impact.

Read More

Polysaccharide families of lyophilized extracts obtained from unfermented varietal grape pomaces

The recovery of bioactive compounds from grape and wine by-products is currently an important objective for revaluation and sustainability. Grape pomace is one of the main by-products and is a rich source of some bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the polysaccharide (PS) composition of extracts obtained from pomaces of different white and red grape varieties of Castilla y León. Grape pomaces were obtained after the pressing in the winemaking process.

Read More