terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Abstract

Grapevine cultivation is threatened by the global warming, which combines high temperatures and reduced rainfall, impacting in wine quality and even plant survival. Breeding for varieties resilient to these challenges must address plant traits such as tolerance to supraoptimal temperatures and optimized water use efficiency while minimizing productivity and quality losses. Stomatal abundance (SA) determines the maximum leaf potential for transpiration and thus water loss and cooling. Since SA results from a developmental process during leaf emergence and growth, knowledge on the genetic control of this process would provide specific targets for modification. Several genes controlling stomatal development have been characterized in Arabidopsis. Using translational genomics, we identified in the grapevine reference genome single orthologues of the master stomatal development regulators SPCH, MUTEand FAMA. We complemented Arabidopsis loss-of-function mutants with the grapevine candidate proteins, whose conditional overexpression also produced the expected epidermal phenotypes. The corresponding grapevine gene promoters are also under study. Additionally, we scored SA in 13 grapevine varieties over four consecutive growing seasons, and disclosed substantial SA differences with a strong genetic basis. These varieties were also examined for water use efficiency and physiological performance under drought and irrigation, finding significant varietal differences. Correlating developmental and physiological traits will contribute useful tools for grapevine management and breeding.   

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the PID2019-105362RB-100, SBPLY/21/180501/000144, UCLM intramural grants and EU FEDER funds. PhD grants from JCCM supported AO and JIM.

DOI:

Publication date: October 6, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Mena-Morales A.1*, Martín-Forero A.F.2, Ortega A.2, Saiz-Pérez J.2, Martínez-Gascueña J.1, Chacón-Vozmediano J.L.1, Illescas-Miranda J.2, Fenoll C.2, Mena M. 2

1Regional Institute of Agri-Food and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), IVICAM, Ctra. Toledo-Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso (Ciudad Real), Spain
2 Faculty of Environmental and Biochemistry Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, Technological Campus of the Arms Factory, 45071 Toledo, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

stomatal abundance, stomatal genes, genotypic variation, water use efficiency

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Drought tolerance assessment and differentiation of grapevine cultivars using physiological metrics: insights from field studies

This study aimed to validate a protocol and compare metrics for evaluating drought tolerance in two Vitis vinifera grapevine cultivars under field conditions. Various metrics were calculated to represent the physiological responses of plants to progressive water deficit. Data were collected from Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay plants subjected to three irrigation levels during the 2022-2023 season, along with data from three previous seasons. Hydro-escape areas were used to assess the plant’s ability to reduce water potential with decreasing soil water availability.

Read More

Development and validation of a free solvent UHPLC/MS-MS method to analyse melatonin and its precursors in Spanish commercial wines  

Melatonin is a bioactive compound present in foods and beverages such as wines. During alcoholic fermentation, yeast transforms tryptophan into certain indole compounds, including melatonin. This paper aims to develop and validate a free solvent analytical method by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC/MS-MS) to determine melatonin and its precursors (L-tryptophan, tryptamine, serotonin, tryptophol, N-acetylserotonin, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and 3- indoleacetic) that appropriately prevent the matrix effect.

Read More

Reduction of the height of the canopy in fruit set and in pea size: vegetative, productive and maturation effects, in cv. Verdejo

Global warming is accelerating the technological ripening of the grape, with a loss of acidity, which requires that vineyard management can delay ripening to avoid it. The source-sink relation is essential for grape ripening, since it affects the distribution of photosynthates and substances derived from plant metabolism. A work is proposed to know the response of the vineyard to the drastic reduction of the foliar surface by trim down the shoots in cv.

Read More

Effect of abiotic stress and grape variety on amino acid and polyamine composition of red grape berries

Vines are exposed to environmental conditions that cause abiotic stress on the plants (drought, nutrient and mineral deficits, salinity, etc.). Polyamines are growth regulators involved in various physiological processes, as in abiotic plant stress responses. Stressful conditions can modify grape’s composition, and in this work, we have focused on studying the effect of abiotic stress on the composition of polyamines and amino acids in grapes. In addition, the effect of grape variety on these compounds has been studied.

Read More

Investigating the Ancient Egyptian wines: The wine jars database

In Ancient Egypt, wine was a luxury product consumed mainly by the upper classes and the royal family and offered to gods in daily religious rituals in the temples.
Since the Predynastic (4000-3100 BC) period, wine jars were placed in tombs as funerary offerings. From the Old Kingdom (2680-2160 BC) to the Greco-Roman (332 BC-395 AD) period, viticulture and winemaking scenes were depicted on the private tombs’ walls. During the New Kingdom (1539-1075 BC), wine jars were inscribed to indicate: vintage year, product, quality, provenance, property and winemaker’s name and title.

Read More