terclim by ICS banner
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 International Congress on Grapevine and Wine Sciences 9 2ICGWS-2023 9 Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Stomatal abundance in grapevine: developmental genes, genotypic variation, and physiology

Abstract

Grapevine cultivation is threatened by the global warming, which combines high temperatures and reduced rainfall, impacting in wine quality and even plant survival. Breeding for varieties resilient to these challenges must address plant traits such as tolerance to supraoptimal temperatures and optimized water use efficiency while minimizing productivity and quality losses. Stomatal abundance (SA) determines the maximum leaf potential for transpiration and thus water loss and cooling. Since SA results from a developmental process during leaf emergence and growth, knowledge on the genetic control of this process would provide specific targets for modification. Several genes controlling stomatal development have been characterized in Arabidopsis. Using translational genomics, we identified in the grapevine reference genome single orthologues of the master stomatal development regulators SPCH, MUTEand FAMA. We complemented Arabidopsis loss-of-function mutants with the grapevine candidate proteins, whose conditional overexpression also produced the expected epidermal phenotypes. The corresponding grapevine gene promoters are also under study. Additionally, we scored SA in 13 grapevine varieties over four consecutive growing seasons, and disclosed substantial SA differences with a strong genetic basis. These varieties were also examined for water use efficiency and physiological performance under drought and irrigation, finding significant varietal differences. Correlating developmental and physiological traits will contribute useful tools for grapevine management and breeding.   

Acknowledgements: This work was supported by the PID2019-105362RB-100, SBPLY/21/180501/000144, UCLM intramural grants and EU FEDER funds. PhD grants from JCCM supported AO and JIM.

DOI:

Publication date: October 6, 2023

Issue: ICGWS 2023

Type: Poster

Authors

Mena-Morales A.1*, Martín-Forero A.F.2, Ortega A.2, Saiz-Pérez J.2, Martínez-Gascueña J.1, Chacón-Vozmediano J.L.1, Illescas-Miranda J.2, Fenoll C.2, Mena M. 2

1Regional Institute of Agri-Food and Forestry Research and Development of Castilla-La Mancha (IRIAF), IVICAM, Ctra. Toledo-Albacete s/n, 13700 Tomelloso (Ciudad Real), Spain
2 Faculty of Environmental and Biochemistry Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Avda. Carlos III, s/n, Technological Campus of the Arms Factory, 45071 Toledo, Spain

Contact the author*

Keywords

stomatal abundance, stomatal genes, genotypic variation, water use efficiency

Tags

2ICGWS | ICGWS | ICGWS 2023 | IVES Conference Series

Citation

Related articles…

Discovering the process of noble rot: fungal ecology of grape berries during the noble rot transformation in different vineyards of the Tokaj wine region

Botrytis cinerea, a well-known grapevine pathogen, has more than 1200 host plants causing grey rot in grapevine berries. However, it can also result in a desirable phenomenon called noble rot under specific microclimate conditions. An extraordinary demonstration of this natural process can be observed in the creation of aszú wines within Hungary’s Tokaj wine region. Beside B. cinerea other fungi and yeasts are involved in the secondary metabolic development of the grape berry which contributes to the sensory and analytical characterization of noble rot wines.

Read More

The influence of pre-heatwave leaf removal on leaf physiology and berry development

Due to climate change, the occurrence of heatwaves and drought events is increasing, with significant impact on viticulture. Common ways to adapt viticulture to a changing climate include site selection, genotype selection, irrigation management and canopy management. The latter mentioned being for instance source-sink manipulations, such as leaf removal, with the aim to delay ripening.

Read More

Metabolomic profiling of heat-stressed grape berries 

The projected rise in mean air temperatures together with the frequency, intensity, and length of heat waves in many wine-growing regions worldwide will deeply impact grape berry development and quality. Several studies have been conducted and a large set of molecular data was produced to better understand the impact of high temperatures on grape berry development and metabolism[1]. According to these data, it is highly likely that the metabolomic dynamics could be strongly modulated by heat stress (HS).

Read More

Identification of a stable epi-allele associated with flower development and low bunch compactness in a somatic variant of Tempranillo Tinto

Grapevine cultivars are vegetatively propagated to preserve their varietal characteristics. However, spontaneous somatic variations that occur and are maintained during cycles of vegetative growth offer opportunities for the natural improvement of traditional grape cultivars. One advantageous trait for winegrowing is reduced bunch compactness, which decreases the susceptibility to pests and fungal diseases and favor an even berry ripening.

Read More

Phenolic composition of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Argentina, Portugal and Spain

Grape and wine phenolic compounds have been shown to be highly related to both wine quality (color, flavor, and taste) and health-promoting properties (antioxidant and cardioprotective, among others). The aim of this work was to evaluate and compare the phenolic contents of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from different geographical areas and climatic conditions, namely from Argentina, Portugal and Spain vintage 2022. In addition, the phenolic profiles of the Portuguese wines from three vintages (2020, 2021, 2022) was compared.

Read More