Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Grapevine diversity and viticultural practices for sustainable grape growing 9 Development of a new indicator of grape skin ripening in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Development of a new indicator of grape skin ripening in relation to Botrytis cinerea susceptibility

Abstract

The bunch rot induced by Botrytis cinerea is an important disease of grapevine that causes a diminution of grape quality and a considerable yield loss leading to an economic loss. Currently, the most common methods to control this rot are canopy management and the use of fungicides, which has harmful effect on the environment and human health .The main grape barrier against pathogen remains grape skin, the resistance includes many factors which can be physical, biochemical or anatomical. Therefore, a new indicator based on these parameters of grape skin needs to be developed to evaluate the rot sensitivity and reduce the use of fungicides in vineyards. During ripening, B. cinerea sensitivity increases due to a loss of skin elasticity and an increase of grape skin porosity. These modifications are the result of different enzymatic activities (pectin methyl esterase (PME), polygalacturonase (PG), xyloglucan endotransglucosylase (XET)) that degrade the skin parietal polysaccharides. A combined physical and biochemical approach was developed to evaluate the Botrytis cinerea susceptibility of three Champagne varieties: Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir, Meunier and Chardonnay. Our results show that the skin ripening process differs between varieties and that our indicators (skin thickness, water availability, activity and gene expression of PME, PG and XET) can be used to describe the evolution of skin ripening profile for each cultivar and to explain the different susceptibility between three cultivars.

DOI:

Publication date: September 2, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Marie Andre

Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 457n USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France MHCS, Epernay, France,Audrey BARSACQ, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 457n USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France Baptiste VAN GYSEL, MHCS, Epernay, France Diane COUROT, MHCS, Epernay, France Laurence MERCIER, MHCS, Epernay, France Laurence GENY-DENIS, Unité de Recherche Œnologie, EA 457n USC 1366 INRAE, Université de Bordeaux, ISVV, 33882, Villenave d’Ornon, France

Contact the author

Keywords

grape skin, Botrytis cinerea, thickness, champagne

Citation

Related articles…

Prefermentative CO2 saturation of grape must to obtaining white wines with low SO2 content

The objective this work has been study the possibility of partially or completely replacing sulphur in the winemaking of white wines through the use of the prefermentative saturation of musts with CO2.

Read More

Qualité des vins et Terroirs. Incidence du milieu naturel sur la composition aromatique des vins

The northern vineyards produce wines with a high aromatic richness. The wines of Alsace are appreciated for the diversity of their aromas, the typicality of which was for a long time judged mainly according to the grape variety of origin. Alsatian winegrowers have however widely sensed the importance of the environment of the vine on the quality of the wines. Efforts are made to try to harmonize in a reasoned way the interaction between the natural environment and the plant material with a view to developing the character of the grape variety through the fine expression of the terroir and making the quality and typicality even more inimitable. wines produced in Alsace.

Read More

VOLATILE COMPOSITION OF WINES USING A GC/TOFMS: HS-SPME VS MICRO LLE AS SAMPLE PREPARATION METHODOLOGY

Wine aroma analysis can be done by sensorial or instrumental analysis, the latter involving several me-thodologies based on olfactometric detection, electronic noses or gas chromatography. Gas Chromatography has been widely used for the study of the volatile composition of wines and depending on the detection system coupled to the chromatographic system, quantification and identification of individual compounds can be achieved.

Read More

Interactions of wine polyphenols with dead or living Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yeast Cells and Cell Walls: polyphenol location by microscopy

Tannin, anthocyanins and their reaction products play a major role in the quality of red wines. They contribute to their sensory characteristics, particularly colour and astringency. Grape tannins and anthocyanins are extracted during red wine fermentation. However, their concentration and composition change over time, due to their strong chemical reactivity1. It is also well known that yeasts influence the wine phenolic content, either through the release of metabolites involved in the formation of derived pigments1, or through polyphenol adsorption2,3.

Read More

A nutraceutical based on mediterranean diet with omega-3 fatty acid and resveratrol from grapewine counteracts ocular degenerative diseases

More recently, studies have shown that polyphenols could also prevent or improve vision in patients with ocular diseases and especially Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) which is an eye disease characterized by damage to the central part of the retina, the macula, and that affects millions of people worldwide. Despite therapeutic advances thanks to the use of anti-vascular

Read More