 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Grapevine diversity and viticultural practices for sustainable grape growing 9 Enological and nutraceutical potential of some grape varieties tolerant to downy mildew and powdery mildew

Enological and nutraceutical potential of some grape varieties tolerant to downy mildew and powdery mildew

Abstract

AIM: Since 2012 the Veneto Region regulation (north-east Italy) allowed wine production using 20 hybrid grapevine varieties selected for their high tolerance to downy mildew and powdery mildew. Characterized by vigour, high grape productivity and low pesticide use, these varieties are suitable to develop sustainable viticulture in mountain areas located at medium altitudes. Project VINIRES (October 2018-November 2021) evaluates the oenological potential of four resistant vine varieties currently diffused at medium altitudes: Cabernet Cortis, Bronner, Souvignier gris, Johanniter. Study by metabolomics provides the complete qualitative and semi-quantitative profile of secondary metabolites in grape to estimate the enological potential of these varieties.

METHODS: Grapes harvested in 2019 and 2020 from vineyards located in Belluno province. Analyses performed by UHPLC/Q-TOF 40.000-resolution mass spectrometry. Targeted identification of the metabolites by using the homemade database GrapeMetabolomics (Flamini et al., 2013).

RESULTS: Cabernet Cortis: presence of anthocyanin diglucosides (Mv-diglu, Dp-diglu, Cy-diglu, Pt-diglu, Pn-diglu). Anthocyanin content comparable to V. Vinifera varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Raboso Piave (Mattivi et al., 2006). Relevant presence of B-ring trisubstituted flavonols. Linalool and nerol pentosyl-hexoside as main aroma precursors. Bronner: high content of flavonoids such as quercetin (Q), taxifolin (T), and flavanones. Significant presence of monoterpene-diols glycosylated. Johanniter: high antioxidants such as rutin and Q-pentoside, significant T-pentoside. Main aroma precursor geraniol glycoside. Souvignier gris: presence of some anthocyanins (Cy-diglu, Cy-monoglu 3-fold than Cabernet Cortis) and stilbene compounds. Main aroma precursors: alpha-terpineol pentosyl-hexoside and vomifoliol glucoside (roseoside).

CONCLUSIONS:

Cabernet Cortis is suitable for production of wood-aged wines with floral notes. Bronner has semi-aromatic character and an interesting potential for producing fresh and fruity white wines. Johanniter, characterized by high geraniol, has high aptitude to produce aromatic sparkling wines. Souvignier gris is characterized by the presence of alpha-terpineol glycoside (floral aroma precursor) and stilbene phytoalexins correlated to the nutraceutical properties of wines.

DOI:

Publication date: September 2, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Fabiola De Marchi, Mirko DE ROSSO, Massimo GARDIMAN, Luigi SANSONE, Annarita PANIGHEL

Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Viticulture & Enology (CREA-VE)

Contact the author

Keywords

Resistant vine, grape, metabolomics, high resolution mass spectrometry, polyphenols, aroma precursors, phytoalexins

Citation

The role of terroir in tourism led amenity migration: contrasting effects in Tuscany and the Okanagan valley of British Columbia

Definitions of terroir elude consistent agreement. As defined geographical space the common denominators of its conceptualization include natural and cultural elements of life

Understanding the complexity of grapevine winter physiology in the face of changing climate

The vast majority of our understanding of grapevine physiology is focused on the processes that occur during the growing season. Though not obvious, winter physiological changes are dynamic and complex, and have great influence on the survival and phenology of grapevines. In cool and cold climates, winter temperatures are a constant threat to vine survival. Additionally, as climate changes, grapevine production is moving toward more traditionally cool and cold climates, either latitudinal or altitudinal in location. Our research focuses on understanding how grapevines navigate winter physiological changes and how temperature impacts aspects of cold hardiness and dormancy. Through these studies, we have gained keen insight into the connections between winter temperature, maximum cold haridness, and budbreak phenology, that can be used to develop prediction models for viticulture in a changing climate.

Identification and quantification of c-glucosidic ellagitannins and their derivative in red wine aged in oak barrels

The C-glycosidic ellagitannins constitute a subclass of hydrolyzable tannins of remarkable structural diversity. In this work we first achieved the hemisynthesis of flavano-ellagitannins, then we used them to develop a new efficient detection and quantification procedure for the C-glycosidic ellagitannins as well as flavano-ellagitannins.

Characterizing the molecular basis of the differences in aromatic precursors found in commercial clones of Vitis vinifera cv. Tannat

Uruguay is known for the production of Tannat wines, which is a neutral variety from an aroma point of view, but capable of providing aromatic precursors that are of interest in the production of wines for ageing. The main aromatic precursors present are glycosidic compounds and carotenoids. The contribution of carotenoid degradation by-products such as norisoprenoids to wine aroma is fundamental, as they are associated with pleasant aroma descriptors and very low olfactory perception thresholds. Several factors have been shown to influence carotenoid concentrations in grapes, such as cultivar, climatic conditions, viticultural region, plant water status, exposure to sunlight and ripening stage.

Typology of Terroirs around the world

It seems implausible that the geographical development of the vineyards could have been affected by a shift in the positions of the Earth’continents