 IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Grapevine diversity and viticultural practices for sustainable grape growing 9 Enological and nutraceutical potential of some grape varieties tolerant to downy mildew and powdery mildew

Enological and nutraceutical potential of some grape varieties tolerant to downy mildew and powdery mildew

Abstract

AIM: Since 2012 the Veneto Region regulation (north-east Italy) allowed wine production using 20 hybrid grapevine varieties selected for their high tolerance to downy mildew and powdery mildew. Characterized by vigour, high grape productivity and low pesticide use, these varieties are suitable to develop sustainable viticulture in mountain areas located at medium altitudes. Project VINIRES (October 2018-November 2021) evaluates the oenological potential of four resistant vine varieties currently diffused at medium altitudes: Cabernet Cortis, Bronner, Souvignier gris, Johanniter. Study by metabolomics provides the complete qualitative and semi-quantitative profile of secondary metabolites in grape to estimate the enological potential of these varieties.

METHODS: Grapes harvested in 2019 and 2020 from vineyards located in Belluno province. Analyses performed by UHPLC/Q-TOF 40.000-resolution mass spectrometry. Targeted identification of the metabolites by using the homemade database GrapeMetabolomics (Flamini et al., 2013).

RESULTS: Cabernet Cortis: presence of anthocyanin diglucosides (Mv-diglu, Dp-diglu, Cy-diglu, Pt-diglu, Pn-diglu). Anthocyanin content comparable to V. Vinifera varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Raboso Piave (Mattivi et al., 2006). Relevant presence of B-ring trisubstituted flavonols. Linalool and nerol pentosyl-hexoside as main aroma precursors. Bronner: high content of flavonoids such as quercetin (Q), taxifolin (T), and flavanones. Significant presence of monoterpene-diols glycosylated. Johanniter: high antioxidants such as rutin and Q-pentoside, significant T-pentoside. Main aroma precursor geraniol glycoside. Souvignier gris: presence of some anthocyanins (Cy-diglu, Cy-monoglu 3-fold than Cabernet Cortis) and stilbene compounds. Main aroma precursors: alpha-terpineol pentosyl-hexoside and vomifoliol glucoside (roseoside).

CONCLUSIONS:

Cabernet Cortis is suitable for production of wood-aged wines with floral notes. Bronner has semi-aromatic character and an interesting potential for producing fresh and fruity white wines. Johanniter, characterized by high geraniol, has high aptitude to produce aromatic sparkling wines. Souvignier gris is characterized by the presence of alpha-terpineol glycoside (floral aroma precursor) and stilbene phytoalexins correlated to the nutraceutical properties of wines.

DOI:

Publication date: September 2, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Fabiola De Marchi, Mirko DE ROSSO, Massimo GARDIMAN, Luigi SANSONE, Annarita PANIGHEL

Council for Agricultural Research and Economics – Viticulture & Enology (CREA-VE)

Contact the author

Keywords

Resistant vine, grape, metabolomics, high resolution mass spectrometry, polyphenols, aroma precursors, phytoalexins

Citation

Long-term flooding effects on the physiological and productive performance of Montepulciano and Sangiovese cultivars

Extreme climatic events, such as prolonged drought followed by intense flooding, increasingly impact viticulture, affecting vine physiology, productivity, and grape composition.

Impact of elemental sulfur (S0) residues in Sauvignon blanc juice on the formation of the varietal thiols 3-mercapto hexanol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate

Elemental sulfur is a fungicide used by grape growers to control the development of powdery mildew, caused by the fungus Erysiphe necator. This compound is effective, cheap and has a low toxicity with no withholding period recommended. However, high levels of S0 residues in the harvested grapes can lead to the formation of reductive sulfur compounds that can impart taints and faults to the wine. Hydrogen sulphide (H2S) is a very volatile and unpleasant sulfur compound which formation is connected to high residues of S0 in juice (10 – 100 mg/L).

Yeast Derivatives: A Promising Alternative In Wine Oxidation Prevention?

Oxidation processes constitute a main problem in winemaking. Oxidation result in color browning and varietal aroma loss, which are key attributes of wine organoleptic quality [1]. Despite the mechanisms involved in wine oxidation have been extensively reviewed [2], the protection of wine against oxidative spoilage remains one of the main goals of winemaking.
SO2 is one of the most efficient wine antioxidants used to prevent oxidation and microbial spoilage. However, intolerances caused by SO2 have led to the reduction of its concentration in wines.

Impact of crop load management on terpene content in gewürztraminer grapes

Context and purpose of the study ‐ Crop load management by cluster thinning can improve ripening and the concentration of key metabolites for grape and wine quality. However, little work has been done on testing the impact of crop load management on terpene content of white grapes. The goal of the study was to assess if by reducing crop load via cluster thinning growers can increase terpene concentration of grapes, as well as to test if the timing of thinning application affects terpene concentration.

Defoliation timing impacts berry secondary metabolites and sunburn damage

Sunburn is a physiological disorder that leads to yield and quality losses in a range of fruits such as grapes and apples. It affects the visual appearance and the composition of the fruit, leading to irreversible changes and ultimately, cell death in extreme situations.