Macrowine 2021
IVES 9 IVES Conference Series 9 Macrowine 9 Macrowine 2021 9 Grapevine diversity and viticultural practices for sustainable grape growing 9 Methyljasmonate versus nanomethyljasmonate: effect on monastrell nitrogen composition

Methyljasmonate versus nanomethyljasmonate: effect on monastrell nitrogen composition

Abstract

AIM: The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of preharvest application in Monastrell berries using two different types of applications: conventional treatments (methyl jasmonate) and nanocompounds (nanomethyl jasmonate) on Monastrell nitrogen composition in grapes and wines.

METHODS: The treatments was applied during two vintages (2019 and 2019) in a plot located in the southeast of Spain (Bullas, Murcia). Foliar applications were carried out at veraison and 7 days later. 200 mL per plant will be applied, using Tween 80 at 0.1% (v/v) in each solution. The applied treatments were the following: methyl jasmonate (MeJ) (10 mM) and the application of nanoparticles, nano-MeJ (0.67 mM). The corresponding analyses were made in grapes at harvest and in wines at the end of alcoholic fermentation. The ammonium ion (NH4 +) and the following free amino acids were analysed by HPLC: aspartic acid (Asp), glutamic acid (Glu), serine (Ser), asparagine (Asp), glutamine (gln), histidine (His), glycine (Gly) , threonine (Thr), β-Alanine (β-Ala), arginine (Arg), α-Alanine (α-Ala), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), proline (Pro), tyrosine (Tyr), valine (Val ), methionine (Met), cysteine (Cys), isoleucine (Iso), leucine (Leu), tryptophan (Trp), phenylalanine (Phe), ornithine (Orn) and lysine (Lys).

RESULTS: In general terms, the application of elicitors (MeJ and nano-MeJ) significantly increased the nitrogen composition of musts and wines of the Monastrell variety. Although the results obtained were influenced by the climatic differences experienced during the two years of study, so that during the first year more noticeable differences were obtained between the treatments and the control vineyards.

CONCLUSIONS

In conclusion, although the results are preliminary, the exogenous application of nano-MeJ could be an interesting alternative to be used instead of the conventional elicitor with two aims: to reduce the use of agrochemical in plants and improve nitrogen composition in grapes and wines.

DOI:

Publication date: September 2, 2021

Issue: Macrowine 2021

Type: Article

Authors

Maria José. Gimenez-Bañón

Murciano Institute Of Research And Agricultural And Food-Spain Juan Daniel Moreno-Olivares- Murciano Institute Of Research And Agricultural And Food-Spain Diego Fernando. Paladines-Quezada- Murciano Institute Of Research And Agricultural And Food-Spain Juan Antonio. Bleda-Sánchez – Murciano Institute Of Research And Agricultural And Food-Spain Jose Ignacio. Fernández-Fernández- Murciano Institute Of Research And Agricultural And Food-Spain Gloria Ramirez- Deparment Of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty Of Science, University Of Granada (Spain) Jose Manul Delgado-López – Deparment Of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty Of Science, University Of Granada (Spain)

Contact the author

Keywords

amino acids; yan, methyl jasmonate; nanoparticles

Citation

Related articles…

Have the best Bordeaux wines been drunk already? A reflection on the transient nature of terroir, using case study Australia

Aim:  The aim of this paper is to demonstrate that the meaning of terroir should be regarded as transient. This is because climate, one of the principal components of terroir, is changing with time, and can no longer be assumed to be constant with fluctuations about a mean. This is due to the climate crisis.

Balearic varieties of grapevine: study of genetic variability in the response to water stress

The photosynthetic characteristics of twenty varieties of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) from Mallorca (Balearic Islands, Spain) and two widespread varieties

A facile and robust method for the quantification of polyphenols in red wine via NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) is a high-tech analytical method that recently found its way into the field of wine analysis with special focus on wine authentication.

Lipids at the crossroads of protection: lipid signalling in grapevine defence mechanisms

Understanding grapevine molecular processes and the underlying defence responses is vital for developing sustainable disease control strategies. Lipid signalling pathways, involving the synthesis and degradation of lipid molecules, have emerged as a key regulator in plant defence against pathogens. This study aims to elucidate the role of fatty acids and lipid signalling in grapevine’s defence response to P. viticola infection. The expression of lipid metabolism-related as well as lipid signalling genes was analysed, by qPCR, in three grapevine genotypes: Chardonnay (susceptible), Regent (tolerant) with Rpv3-1 resistance loci, and Sauvignac (resistant) harbouring a pyramid of Rpv12 and Rpv3-1 resistance loci.

The plantation frame as a measure of adaptation to climate change

The mechanization of vineyard work originally led to a reduction in planting densities due to the lack of machinery adapted to the vineyard. The current availability of specific machinery makes it possible to establish higher planting densities. In this work, three planting densities (1.40×0.80 m, 1.80×1 m and 2.20×1.20 m, corresponding to 8928, 5555 and 3787 plants/ha respectively) were studied with four varieties autochthonous of Galicia (northwestern Spain): Albariño and Treixadura (white), Sousón and Mencía (red). The vines were trained in a vertical shoot positioning system using a single Royat cordon, and pruned to spurs with two buds each. Agronomic data (yield, pruning wood weight, Ravaz index) and oenological data in must were collected. The higher planting density (1.40×0.80 m) had no significant effect on grape yield per vine in white varieties, although production per hectare was much higher due to the greater number of plants. In red varieties, this planting density resulted in a significantly lower production per vine, compensated by the greater number of plants. In addition, it significantly reduced the Brix degree in the must of the Albariño, Treixadura and Sousón varieties, and increased the total acidity in the latter two and Mencía. It also caused an increase in extractable and total anthocyanins and IPT in red grapes. The effects of high planting density on grapes are of great interest for the adaptation of varieties in the context of climate change. In the future, it could be advisable to modify the limits imposed by the appellations of origin on the planting density of these varieties in order to obtain more balanced wines.