May 31, 2022 | IVES Conference Series, Session F – Oral presentations 2/2, Terclim 2022
The study of climate is relevant as an element conditioning the typicity of a product, its quality and sustainability over the years. The grapevine development and growth and the final grape and wine composition are closely related to temperature, while climate components vary at mesoscale according to topography and/or proximity to large bodies of water. The objective of this work is to assess the mesoclimate of the Atlantic region of Uruguay and to determine the effect of topography and the ocean on temperature and consequently on Tannat grapevine behavior.
May 31, 2022 | IVES Conference Series, Session H – Posters, Terclim 2022
IVES 9 2022 9 May A predictive model of spatial Eca variability in the vineyard to support the monitoring of plant status Abstract In a vineyard, plant water status variability is strongly dependent on soil spatial variability, whose physical...
May 31, 2022 | IVES Conference Series, Session F – Oral presentations 2/2, Terclim 2022
IVES 9 2022 9 May Short-term relationships between climate and grapevine trunk diseases in southern French vineyards Abstract An increasing plant dieback has been observed in vineyards these past two decades, that has been partly attributed to the...
May 31, 2022 | IVES Conference Series, Session H – Posters, Terclim 2022
IVES 9 2022 9 May Local adaptation tools to ensure the viticultural sustainability in a changing climate Abstract Over the next century, the projected changes in regional climates are expected to have important consequences on wine production. They...
May 31, 2022 | IVES Conference Series, Session F – Oral presentations 2/2, Terclim 2022
Wine growing regions have recently faced intense and frequent droughts that have led to substantial economical losses, and the maintenance of grapevine productivity under warmer and drier climate will rely notably on planting drought-resistant cultivars. Given that plant growth and yield depend on water transport efficiency and maintenance of photosynthesis, thus on the preservation of the vascular system integrity during drought, a better understanding of drought-related hydraulic traits that have a significant impact on physiological processes is urgently needed. We have worked towards this end by assessing vulnerability to xylem embolism in 30 grapevine commercial varieties encompassing red and white Vitis vinifera varieties, hybrid varieties characterized by a polygenic resistance for powdery and downy mildew, and commonly used rootstocks. These analyses further allowed a global assessment of wine regions with respect to their varietal diversity and resulting vulnerability to stem embolism. Hybrid cultivars displayed the highest vulnerability to embolism, while rootstocks showed the greatest resistance. Significant variability also arose among Vitis vinifera varieties, with Ψ12 and Ψ50 values ranging from -0.4 to -2.7 MPa and from -1.8 to -3.4 MPa, respectively. Cabernet franc, Chardonnay and Ugni blanc featured among the most vulnerable varieties while Pinot noir, Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon ranked among the most resistant. In consequence, wine regions bearing a significant proportion of vulnerable varieties, such as Poitou-Charentes, France and Marlborough, New Zealand, turned out to be at greater risk under drought. These results highlight that grapevine varieties may not respond equally to warmer and drier conditions, outlining the importance to consider hydraulic traits associated with plant drought tolerance into breeding programmes and modeling simulations of grapevine yield maintenance under severe drought. They finally represent a step forward to advise the wine industry about which varieties and regions would have the lowest risk of drought-induced mortality under climate change.
